How to classify infections in intensive care units—the carrier state, a criterion whose time has come?

Saene, H. K. F. van; Damjanović, Vladimir; Murray, A.E.; Cal, Miguel A. de la

doi:10.1016/s0195-6701(96)90025-0

Cited by 94 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They were processed in a semiquantitative method, i.e., the four-quadrant technique combined with enrichment broth 6 . The swabs were inoculated onto four solid media (Salt Manitol agar, Yeast agar, MacConkey agar and Blood agar plates) and placed into 5mL brain-heart infusion broth.…”

Section: Microbiological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Fernandes

Dolinger

Abdallah

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:The purpose of this study was to establish the late onset sepsis (LOS) rate of our service, characterize the intestinal microbiota and evaluate a possible association between gut flora and sepsis in surgical infants who were receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). Methods: Surveillance cultures of the gut were taken at the start of PN and thereafter once a week. Specimens for blood culture were collected based on clinical criteria established by the medical staff. The central venous catheter (CVC) tip was removed under aseptic conditions. Standard laboratory methods were used to identify the microorganisms that grew on cultures of gut, blood and CVC tip. Results: 74 very low birth weight infants were analyzed. All the infants were receiving PN and antibiotics when the gut culture was started. In total, 21 (28.4%) infants experienced 28 episodes of LOS with no identified source. Coagulase negative staphylococci were the most common bacteria identified, both in the intestine (74.2%) and blood (67.8%). All infections occurred in patients who received PN through a central venous catheter. Six infants experienced episodes of microbial translocation. Conclusions: In this study, LOS was the most frequent episode in neonates receiving parenteral nutrition who had been submitted to surgery; 28.6% of this infection was probably a gut-derived phenomenon and requires novel strategies for prevention.

show abstract

Section: Microbiological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial carriage was considered to be present when the same strain of a microorganism, at any concentration, was isolated from a minimum of two consecutive surveillance samples over a period of at least one week 6 .…”

Section: Microbial Carriagementioning

confidence: 99%

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Fernandes

Dolinger

Abdallah

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As RIBA positivity depends on reactivity with at least two antigens, the discrepancy between EIA positivity and RIBA reactivity probably reflects differential loss of antibody during the recovery phase. As there is evidence that the individuals’ immune status is important in succumbing to or clearing infection [19], the role of HLA antigens in the clearance of HCV from infected individuals from this outbreak is currently being studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission Rates of Hepatitis C Virus by Different Batches of a Contaminated Anti–D Immunoglobulin Preparation

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection rate of recipients of different batches of anti–D immunoglobulin associated with an outbreak of HCV infection which occurred in 1977 and its relationship to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) status of the implicated batches. This study was undertaken to determine the predictive value of HCV genome detection and quantification for subsequent infection in recipients of an HCV–contaminated anti–D immunoglobulin product for intravenous use. Materials and Methods: Sera from recipients of anti–D were tested by HCV enzyme immunoassay and if found positive were subsequently tested by recombinant immunoblot assay and HCV PCR in a national HCV anti–D screening programme set up in 1994. The HCV status of 1,342 known recipients of infectious or potentially infectious batches has been compared to the amount of HCV RNA in the anti–D batch they received so as to determine the value of PCR in the prediction of infectivity in immunoglobulin preparations. Results: It has been demonstrated that HCV–infected plasma derived from batches of anti–D showing levels of viral genome in excess of 10⁴ genomes per millilitre led to infection of up to 60% of recipients. In contrast, batches with undetectable levels of HCV genome very rarely transmitted infection. Conclusions: The presence of HCV RNA in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations which have not undergone a specific viral inactivation step is a predictor of HCV infection in recipients.

show abstract

“…Finally, enteral vancomycin controls gut overgrowth of 'abnormal' methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). All SDD-RCTs in which overgrowth was measured invariably show eradication of gut overgrowth [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut overgrowth defined as C10 5 potential pathogens per ml of digestive tract secretion has been acknowledged to cause immunosuppression and generalised inflammation [4]. Gut overgrowth is the crucial event preceding endogenous infections and is a risk factor for de novo development of antimicrobial resistance [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut overgrowth harms the critically ill

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How to classify infections in intensive care units—the carrier state, a criterion whose time has come?

Cited by 94 publications

References 28 publications

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Transmission Rates of Hepatitis C Virus by Different Batches of a Contaminated Anti–D Immunoglobulin Preparation

Gut overgrowth harms the critically ill

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

How to classify infections in intensive care units—the carrier state, a criterion whose time has come?

Cited by 94 publications

References 28 publications

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Late onset sepsis and intestinal bacterial colonization in very low birth weight infants receiving long-term parenteral nutrition

Transmission Rates of Hepatitis C Virus by Different Batches of a Contaminated Anti&ndash;D Immunoglobulin Preparation

Gut overgrowth harms the critically ill

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Transmission Rates of Hepatitis C Virus by Different Batches of a Contaminated Anti–D Immunoglobulin Preparation