How to evaluate an Internet of Things system: Models, case studies, and real developments

Abstract

The paper proposes the use of Node-RED, a flow-based programming tool targeted to Internet of Things (IoT), along with a series of case studies related to different IoT contexts, which demonstrate Node-RED's potentialities and outcomings toward the realization of well-structured IoT environments. The analyzed applications potentially include a wide range of domains, ranging from smart cities, smart buildings, smart homes/offices, smart retailing, to smart transportation, smart logistics, smart agriculture, smart health, military scenarios, and so on. The motivations behind the presented work are related to the fact that IoT application fields usually involve the same technologies and communication protocols, which are frequently adopted for totally different purposes.Issues such as systems' interoperabiliy, scalability, security and privacy naturally emerge, due to the huge amount of heterogeneous devices acting in the IoT environment itself and to the wireless nature of information transmissions.As a consequence, it is fundamental to dispose of adequate tools for supporting developers in design the network architecture and messages' exchange, in order to realize efficient and effective IoT network infrastructures.

A Systematic Review on Technologies for Data-Driven Production Logistics: Their Role from a Holistic and Value Creation Perspective

“…The biosensor tags monitor antigens-antibodies to detect bacteria. Similar cases to monitor environmental parameters by means of RFID sensors were reported by [54,67,121]. Tao and Qi [55] mentioned that by using smart chips, environmental data can be collected and uploaded to the cyber world.…”

“…A similar case regarding a MAS application for planning and scheduling was highlighted by Leusin et al [140]. Sicari et al [54] did an IoT-based case study for smart transport logistics where smart vehicles in combination with RFID tags and RFID scanners were used to complete the material ordering process within a warehouse environment. Node-RED was used to manage the ordering data flow, warehouse data flow, RFID scanner data flow and smart vehicle data flow.…”

Home quarantine patient monitoring in the era of COVID-19 disease

“…Hence, the scope of the present paper is to propose a rapid approach for the development of IoT related applications, by means of a tool, named Node-RED, which is able to allow the representation of the IoT infrastructure closer as much as possible to the future working system, in order to provide to designers and developers a complete view of the final architecture before its real deployment, as demonstrated in Blackstock and Lea, 2014 , Sicari et al, 2019 and Lekic and Gardasevic, 2018 , Tomasic, Khosraviani et al, 2018 (further details are presented in Section 4.1.1 ). Note that many solutions, tailored to specific features of the realization of IoT-based systems (e.g., routing algorithms, security mechanisms, data exchange methods, etc.…”

Security in IoMT Communications: A Survey

“…Then the data is transferred through the cloud with the help of a set of minimised HTTP requests. Sicari et al [ 85 ] use HTTP protocol in a glycemia alarm system able to dynamically calculate the amount of insulin to be administered to patients having diabetes type 1 and type 2. Two remote programs are used to communicate via HTTP messaging: a node that implements the rules that may trigger an alarm and the end user program.…”

“…Belkouja et al [ 104 ] describe a secure authentication system for a Medtronic insulin pump system, which is a drug infusion device, directly connected to the patient. Sicari et al [ 85 ] present a glycemia alarm system able to dynamically calculate the amount of insulin to be administered to patients having type 1 and 2 diabetes. In Figure 5 we illustrate the procedure of remotely controlling an insulin pump.…”