How to improve housing conditions of laboratory animals: The possibilities of environmental refinement

Baumans, V.; Loo, P. L. P. Van

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.09.023

Cited by 102 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…27,28 Durante a permanência nesse ambiente, os animais têm maiores possibilidades de realizar atividades diferenciadas. Dessa forma, a exposição dos animais a uma variedade de estímulos permite a manifestação dos comportamentos naturais da espé-cie. 29 Pesquisadores têm dedicado esforços no sentido de avaliar aspectos comportamentais em ratos submetidos a ambientes enriquecidos e sugerem que estes são menos estressados, mais dóceis e, por conseguinte, mais fáceis de manejar se comparados a animais confinados em ambiente padrão.…”

Section: Avaliação Do Comportamento No Labirinto Em Cruz Elevadaunclassified

Comportamento de ratos Wistar: importância do enriquecimento ambiental

Gozzer

Andrade

Belotto

et al. 2018

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Introdução: A metodologia atual indicada para biotérios preconiza que os animais devem ficar confinados em um ambiente considerado padrão, composto de caixa plástica comunitária, água e ração. Atualmente há grande preocupação com o bem-estar animal, sendo sugerido a necessidade de oferecer aos animais um ambiente com maior quantidade de estímulos sensoriais ou maior espaço físico disponível aos animais. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve o objetivo avaliar o comportamento de ratos criados sob condições ditas controle e compará-los com ratos criados sob enriquecimento ambiental. Material e Métodos: Utilizou-se ratos machos Wistar adquiridos na fase pós desmame (21 dias) divididos em 2 grupos denominados: Controle (C, criados em condições normais de bioterismo) e Experimental (E, criados sob enriquecimento ambiental), n=10/grupo, nos quais foi avaliado o comportamento após 30 ou 60 dias da chegada dos animais ao biotério da UNIMEP. Na avaliação comportamental foram utilizados o Teste de Campo Aberto (open fied); Labirinto em Cruz Elevada (LCE) e Teste de Contato Social. Resultados: Foi observado menor exploração e maior ansiedade nos animais C30 e C60 enquanto os grupos E30 e E60 apresentaram menor ansiedade, maior exploração no campo aberto e no braço aberto do LCE. Na análise do contato social, foi observado que os ratos E30e E60 se mostraram mais impulsivos e reconheceram os intrusos em menor tempo, se comparado ao C30 e C60, indicando melhora no reconhecimento e consequente convívio. Conclusão: O ambiente enriquecido favoreceu a manifestação de diferenças comportamentais indicando melhores condições para o animal e possivelmente menor estresse, condições impar para se obter resultados mais fidedignos em estudos voltados a experimentação animal.

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Section: Avaliação Do Comportamento No Labirinto Em Cruz Elevadaunclassified

Comportamento de ratos Wistar: importância do enriquecimento ambiental

Gozzer

Andrade

Belotto

et al. 2018

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“…The most recent movement within animal welfare, and the viewpoint adopted here, focuses on the definition of welfare as the promotion of well-being across three broad aspects: physical health, psychological health, and naturalistic behaviors (Fraser, 2009;Maple, 2007;Swaisgood, 2007). Ultimately, determinations of welfare depend on supporting well-being and require a knowledge of health and physiology, cognition, and social interactions, of animals both in their natural habitat and in managed care (Baumans & Van Loo, 2013;Carlstead, Mench, Meehan, & Brown, 2013;Chua, Weary, Van Delen, & Coenen, 2002;Greenwald & Dabek, 2003;Hoy, Murray, & Tribe, 2010;Kuczaj, Makecha, Trone, Paulos, & Ramos, 2006;Pomerantz & Terkel, 2009;Walker, Diez-Leon, & Mason, 2014;Whitham & Wielebnowski, 2013).…”

Section: The Science Of Animal Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inventory of Peer-reviewed Articles on Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) with a Comparison to Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

Hill¹,

Guarino²,

Dietrich³

et al. 2016

AB&C

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“…For example, refinements such as 'environmental enrichment' might seem unlikely to affect experimental outcomes. However, depending on the nature of the study, statistical power may be affected (Baumans and Van Loo 2013). Statistical power could be improved to the extent variability is reduced in animals better accustomed to novelty and change but results might be more variable between laboratories if standardisation of more varied environments is harder to achieve.…”

Section: Rules and Recommendations: The Need For Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the provision of ad libitum food results in shortened life span due to overfeeding and inactivity. Environmental refinement refers to modifications to the housing of laboratory animals intended to enhance welfare, for example by simulating natural foraging conditions as far as possible or through the provision of other stimuli appropriate to the animals' species-specific needs (Baumans and Van Loo 2013). Other species typical behaviours include nest building and a variety of opportunities for social contact.…”

Section: Species Typical Behaviour and Evidence-based Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals' choices may result in short-term discomfort yet make excellent functional sense in terms of 'adaptive self-expenditure' (Barnard 2007). Since the same refinements will not be appropriate for all species, it is essential that the effectiveness of environmental refinements be evaluated, for example through the use of preference tests and other behavioural and physiological parameters (Chmiel and Noonan 1996;Dawkins 2006;Fitchett et al 2006;Patterson-Kane et al 2008;Baumans and Van Loo 2013).…”

Section: Species Typical Behaviour and Evidence-based Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

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What’s Special about the Ethical Challenges of Studying Disorders with Altered Brain Activity?

Cassaday

2014

Ethical Issues in Behavioral Neuroscience

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Where there is no viable alternative, studies of neuronal activity are conducted on animals. The use of animals, particularly for invasive studies of the brain, raises a number of ethical issues. Practical or normative ethics are enforced by legislation, in relation to the dominant welfare guidelines developed in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. Guidelines have typically been devised to cover all areas of biomedical research using animals in general, and thus lack any specific focus on neuroscience studies at the level of the ethics, although details of the specific welfare recommendations are different for invasive studies of the brain. Ethically, there is no necessary distinction between neuroscience and other biomedical research in that the brain is a final common path for suffering, irrespective of whether this involves any direct experience of pain. One exception arises in the case of in vitro studies, which are normally considered as an acceptable replacement for in vivo studies. However, to the extent sentience is possible, maintaining central nervous system tissue outside the body naturally raises ethical questions. Perhaps the most intractable challenge to the ethical use of animals in order to model neuronal disorder is presented by the logical impasse in the argument that the animal is similar enough to justify the validity of the experimental model, but sufficiently different in sentience and capacity for suffering, for the necessary experimental procedures to be permissible.

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How to improve housing conditions of laboratory animals: The possibilities of environmental refinement

Cited by 102 publications

References 46 publications

Comportamento de ratos Wistar: importância do enriquecimento ambiental

Comportamento de ratos Wistar: importância do enriquecimento ambiental

An Inventory of Peer-reviewed Articles on Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) with a Comparison to Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

What’s Special about the Ethical Challenges of Studying Disorders with Altered Brain Activity?

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