How to Improve Meat Quality and Welfare in Entire Male Pigs by Genetics

Larzul, Catherine

doi:10.3390/ani11030699

Cited by 15 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Genetic selection for lower aggressiveness, in the case of females, in addition to the reduction in agonistic interactions, can lead to increased maternal ability since these traits are correlated [ 152 ]. Another example is the selection for low levels of skatole, which would eliminate the need for castration, reducing fights between pigs during the fattening period without lowering the quality of meat by the presence of boar taint [ 153 ]. Gene editing technologies offer promising opportunities to introduce beneficial characteristics to commercial pig strains without competing with production traits, provided ethical and technical limitations are addressed [ 154 ].…”

Section: Improving Housing Environment and Management Practices To Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Animal Welfare and Antibiotic Use in Pig Farming—A Review

Albernaz-Gonçalves

Antillón

Hötzel

2022

Animals

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Preventative measures, such as biosecurity and vaccinations, are essential but not sufficient to ensure high standards of health in pig production systems. Restrictive, barren housing and many widely used management practices that cause pain and stress predispose high-performance pigs reared in intensive systems to disease. In this context, antibiotics are used as part of the infrastructure that sustains health and high levels of production in pig farms. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global emergency affecting human and animal health, and the use of antibiotics (AMU) in intensive livestock farming is considered an important risk factor for the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria from animals to humans. Tackling the issue of AMR demands profound changes in AMU, e.g., reducing their use for prophylaxis and ending it for growth promotion. In support of such recommendations, we revise the link between animal welfare and AMU and argue that it is crucial to sustainably reduce AMU while ensuring that pigs can live happy lives. In support of such recommendations, we aimed to revise the link between animal welfare and AMU in pigs by analysing stress factors related to housing and management and their impact on pig welfare. In particular, we reviewed critical management practices that increase stress and, therefore, pigs’ susceptibility to disease and reduce the quality of life of pigs. We also reviewed some alternatives that can be adopted in pig farms to improve animal welfare and that go beyond the reduction in stress. By minimising environmental and management stressors, pigs can become more immunocompetent and prepared to overcome pathogenic challenges. This outcome can contribute to reducing AMU and the risk of AMR while simultaneously improving the quality of life of pigs and, ultimately, maintaining the pig industry’s social license.

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Section: Improving Housing Environment and Management Practices To Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Animal Welfare and Antibiotic Use in Pig Farming—A Review

Albernaz-Gonçalves

Antillón

Hötzel

2022

Animals

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“…In livestock production, the improvement of the meat quality is crucial, especially the intramuscular fat content [24]{Du, 2021 #364}. Most researches examining the molecular mechanisms in porcine intramuscular preadipocyte development focus on protein-coding genes; therefore, studies using highthroughput RNA-seq analysis usually detected in mRNAs [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA Profiling Reveals an Abundant ssc-miRNA-148a-3p that Promotes Proliferation and Differentiation during Intramuscular Adipogenesis in Chinese Guizhou Congjiang Pigs Breeds by targeting PPARGC1A

Tan

Chen

Teng

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundIntramuscular fat development is regulated by a series of complicated processes, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) such as microRNA (miRNA) plays a critical role during intramuscular preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation development in pigs. In present research, we detected the expression profiles of miRNA during different differentiation stages, namely, day 0 (D0), day 4 (D4), and day 8 (D8), of intramuscular preadipocytes from the longissimus dorsi muscle of Chinese Guizhou Congjiang pigs to provide first insights into their potential involvement in intramuscular preadipocyte development. And we investigated the function of miR-148a-3p in adipocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. ResultsA total of 67, 95, and 16 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were detected between D4 and D0, between D8 and D0, and between D8 and D4, respectively. We further characterized the role of miR-148a-3p which was differentially expressed and highest expressed abundance in D0, D4, and D8. To explore the role of miR-148a-3p in porcine intramuscular preadipocyte, miR-148a-3p mimics and inhibitors were used to perform miR-148a-3p overexpression and knockdown, respectively. Overexpression of miRNA-148a-3p increased the number of intramuscular preadipocytes in the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle and decreased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, it promoted proliferation by regulation of cyclin B, cyclin G1, cyclin D1, CDK2, CDK3, and CDK4 and inhibited apoptosis of intramuscular preadipocyte by regulating the expression of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2. Meanwhile, the mimics of miR-148a-3p dramatically promoted intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation and upregulated the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes PPARγ, FASN, FABP4, HSL, APOE, LPL, and CEBPα. Furthermore, miR-148a-3p promoted intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation via restraining the AMPK/ACC/CPT1C signaling pathway. PPARGC1A was identified as a target gene of miR-148a-3p by luciferase activity and western blotting assays. ConclusionOur study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying intramuscular preadipocyte development and identified amount of miRNAs whose regulatory potential will need to be explored in the future. Our results establish that miR-148a-3p promoted adipocyte differentiation by targeting PPARGC1A.

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“…Strategies to reduce boar taint encompass grouping by gender, siblings or allowing lower stocking densities (Squires et al, 2020), genetic selection (Larzul, 2021), immunocastration (Škrlep et al, 2020), husbandry (Dalmau et al, 2019), and feeding (Heyrman et al, 2018). In terms of feeding strategies, the addition of feed components, such as the chicory root or the sugar beet pulp, rich in fermentable carbohydrates, reduces skatole concentration effectively in backfat (Aluwé et al, 2017;Hansen et al, 2008;Kjos et al, 2010;Øverland et al, 2011;Zammerini et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of sugar beet pulp in pig diet to control skatole analysed by HPLC quantification method

Pinto

Mata

Pires

et al. 2023

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a finishing diet added with sugar beet pulp to reduce backfat skatole of entire male pigs, using the optimised high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. The study comprised 72 males Pietrain (Large White × Landrace), divided into two groups of 36 animals each. Pigs in group A (treatment) were fed a supplemented formula (addition of 10 % beet pulp). while animals in group B (control) received a commercial feed, both for a period of 14 days before slaughter. The isocratic HPLC method achieved the chromatographic separation of indolic compounds in approximately 3 min.Skatole was significantly lower (p = 0.002) in group A, showing that beet root supplementation reduced skatole levels in pig fat. In addition, the optimised HPLC method was reliable, less timeconsuming, and showed a resolution suitable for small amounts of skatole.

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How to Improve Meat Quality and Welfare in Entire Male Pigs by Genetics

Cited by 15 publications

References 77 publications

Linking Animal Welfare and Antibiotic Use in Pig Farming—A Review

Linking Animal Welfare and Antibiotic Use in Pig Farming—A Review

MicroRNA Profiling Reveals an Abundant ssc-miRNA-148a-3p that Promotes Proliferation and Differentiation during Intramuscular Adipogenesis in Chinese Guizhou Congjiang Pigs Breeds by targeting PPARGC1A

The use of sugar beet pulp in pig diet to control skatole analysed by HPLC quantification method

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