How to make membrane distillation greener: a review of environmentally friendly and sustainable aspects

Gontarek-Castro, Emilia; Castro-Muñoz, Roberto

doi:10.1039/d3gc03377e

Cited by 27 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Membrane distillation (MD) shows potential for water treatment, particularly in seawater desalination, as it can separate water from contaminants through vapor-phase transport using hydrophobic membranes [ 79 , 80 ]. MD operates at low temperatures, preserving water quality and energy efficiency, and exhibits high selectivity, making it suitable for various applications [ 81 , 82 ].…”

Section: Separation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in membrane technologies applied in oil–water separation

Huang,

Ran,

Sun

et al. 2024

Discover Nano

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Effective treatment of oily wastewater, which is toxic and harmful and causes serious environmental pollution and health risks, has become an important research field. Membrane separation technology has emerged as a key area of investigation in oil–water separation research due to its high separation efficiency, low costs, and user-friendly operation. This review aims to report on the advances in the research of various types of separation membranes around emulsion permeance, separation efficiency, antifouling efficiency, and stimulus responsiveness. Meanwhile, the challenges encountered in oil–water separation membranes are examined, and potential research avenues are identified.

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Section: Separation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in membrane technologies applied in oil–water separation

Huang,

Ran,

Sun

et al. 2024

Discover Nano

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“…Consequently, based on our cost analysis, we can confidently assert that the raw material expenses for ceramic membranes are affordable and can be readily employed for water desalination purposes. In the case of decreasing the total process cost, which included process energy cost in addition to the cost-effective raw materials that were utilized to fabricate the ceramic membrane, energy cost could be reduced by utilizing waste heat energy, geothermal energy, and solar energy [79,80]. [84]: 78 $/m 2 .…”

Section: Cost Analysis Based On Raw Materials and Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

Zare,

Abbasi,

Hashemifard

et al. 2024

Water

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This study aimed to investigate and develop a cost-effective and superhydrophobic ceramic membrane for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) applications. Two types of mullite-based composite membranes were prepared via extrusion and sintering techniques. To create a small and narrow pore diameter distribution on the membrane surface, the dip-coating technique with 1 µm alumina was employed. The hexadecyltrimethoxysilane eco-friendly grafting agent was adopted to modify low-cost multilayer mullite-based composite membranes, transforming them from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic. The prepared membranes were characterized via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), liquid entire pressure (LEP), contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM), porosity, and membrane permeability. The results of the prepared membranes validate the appropriateness of the material for membrane distillation applications. The optimized membrane, with a contact angle of 160° and LEP = 1.5 bar, was tested under DCMD using a 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride (NaCl) synthetic solution and Persian Gulf seawater as a feed. Based on the acquired results, an average permeate flux of 3.15 kg/(m2·h) and salt rejection (R%) of 99.62% were found for the 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Moreover, seawater desalination showed an average permeate flux of 2.37 kg/(m2·h) and salt rejection of 99.81% for a 20-h test without any pore wetting. Membrane distillation with a hydrophobic membrane decreased the turbidity of seawater by 93.13%.

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“…Today, membrane technologies, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis [ 1 ], membrane distillation [ 2 ], pervaporation, membrane bioreactors [ 3 ], membrane gas separation, and membrane contactors [ 4 ], among others, are broadly applied in several fields due to their versatility in separating several compounds in gas or liquid phases. In principle, a typical membrane process uses a permeable and selective physical layer (called a membrane) to separate specific compounds from the feed bulk solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite 2D Material-Based Pervaporation Membranes for Liquid Separation: A Review

Castro-Muñoz

2024

Molecules

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Today, chemistry and nanotechnology cover molecular separations in liquid and gas states by aiding in the design of new nano-sized materials. In this regard, the synthesis and application of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are current fields of research in which structurally defined 2D materials are being used in membrane separation either in self-standing membranes or composites with polymer phases. For instance, pervaporation (PV), as a highly selective technology for liquid separation, benefits from using 2D materials to selectively transport water or other solvent molecules. Therefore, this review paper offers an interesting update in revising the ongoing progress of PV membranes using 2D materials in several applications, including solvent purification (the removal of water from organic systems), organics removal (the removal of organic molecules diluted in water systems), and desalination (selective water transport from seawater). In general, recent reports from the past 3 years have been discussed and analyzed. Attention has been devoted to the proposed strategies and fabrication of membranes for the inclusion of 2D materials into polymer phases. Finally, the future trends and current research gaps are declared for the scientists in the field.

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How to make membrane distillation greener: a review of environmentally friendly and sustainable aspects

Abstract: There is an urgent need for the development of new water resources in order to solve the problem of the world’s growing demand for clean water. Membrane distillation (MD) is...

Cited by 27 publications

References 132 publications

Recent advances in membrane technologies applied in oil–water separation

Recent advances in membrane technologies applied in oil–water separation

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

Composite 2D Material-Based Pervaporation Membranes for Liquid Separation: A Review

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