How to make the use of recycled paperboard fit for food contact? A contribution to the discussion

Grob, Koni

doi:10.1080/19440049.2021.1977853

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The following set of articles (Bengtström et al., 2016; Biedermann & Grob, 2013b; Bradley et al., 2010; Deshwal et al., 2019; Geueke et al., 2018; Grob, 2022; Groh & Muncke, 2017; Groh et al., 2021; Peters et al., 2019; Schilter et al., 2019; Severin et al., 2017; Urbelis & Cooper, 2021) were initially selected. After studying them, the following questions were raised and aimed to be answered in this scoping review.…”

Section: Literature Search Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional parameters including diffusion coefficient, vapor pressure of the migrant (Jickells et al., 2005), and storage temperature determine the migration kinetics. In in‐direct application cases such as the use of paper and cardboard FCM as a secondary or transport packaging material, the mechanism is proposed to comprise of sequential evaporation and recondensation steps through each packaging layer (Grob, 2022).…”

Section: Which Parameters Influence Sample Preparation Of Paper and C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first one occurs through the gas phase between paper and cardboard FCMs and the food or food simulant. This gas phase migration comprises of the evaporation of the FCCs from the paper and cardboard FCM, their diffusion via the gas phase and their re-condensation in the packaged food (Grob, 2022). The limiting factor for the migration of substances through this mechanism is their respective molecular weight and volatility.…”

Section: Mass Transfer Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current approaches and challenges of sample preparation procedures for the safety assessment of paper and cardboard food contact materials: A comprehensive review

Kourkopoulos

Sijm

Vrolijk

2022

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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In the European Union (EU), Regulation (EC) 1935/2004 provides a harmonized legal EU framework and sets out the general principles for safety and inertness for all Food Contact Materials (FCMs) and Food Contact Articles. From a food safety point of view, however, specific EU legislation for paper and cardboard FCMs is lacking, while at Member State level, national legislation differs among countries. More than 11,000 chemicals have been identified in all types of FCMs, most of them without any information on toxicity or migration potential from FCM to food. The present review shows a wide variability of protocols, approaches, and conditions used in scientific studies, which are difficult to compare. In this regard, procedures and conditions laid down in EU legislation for plastics and European Standards (EN protocols) may serve as a good basis for the future sample preparation procedures in the framework of paper and cardboard FCMs safety assessment. Challenges on sample preparation procedures are presented involving the interlinked steps of sample preparation, conditions used and their impact in chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay testing. Currently, there is no general consensus on the criteria for structuring, evaluating, and tuning sample preparation procedures for paper and cardboard FCMs. For this purpose, a set of modified criteria and a decision tree are proposed based on the literature. Along this, mass transfer processes occurring in paper and cardboard FCMs and parameters affecting chemical migration need to be accounted for prior to reaching general consensus on criteria for sample preparation procedures.

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Section: Literature Search Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Which Parameters Influence Sample Preparation Of Paper and C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass Transfer Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current approaches and challenges of sample preparation procedures for the safety assessment of paper and cardboard food contact materials: A comprehensive review

Kourkopoulos

Sijm

Vrolijk

2022

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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“…Safety assessment, according to the EFSA criteria as applied to PCR PET, are (as will be shown and discussed in this article) by no means applicable to P&B recycling for direct food contact. Potential contaminants transferring from PCR P&B containing FCMs are still in the focus of numerous publications [19][20][21][22][23][24] so that the safety assessment of recycled P&B needs great attention and improvement, and better practical solutions [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Post-Consumer Packaging Materials into New Food Packaging Applications—Critical Review of the European Approach and Future Perspectives

Franz

Welle

2022

Sustainability

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The European strategy for plastics, as part of the EU’s circular economy action plan, should support the reduction in plastic waste. One key element in this action plan is the improvement of the economics and quality of recycled plastics. In addition, an important goal is that by 2030, all plastics packaging placed on the EU market must either be reusable or can be recycled in a cost-effective manner. This means that, at the end, a closed-loop recycling of food packaging materials should be established. However, the use of recyclates must not result in less severe preventive consumer protection of food packaging materials. This may lead to a conservative evaluation of authorities on post-consumer recyclates in food packaging applications. On the other hand, over-conservatism might over-protect the consumer and generate insurmountable barriers to the application of post-consumer recyclates for food packaging and, hence, counteract the targets of circular economy. The objective of this review is to provide an insight into the evaluation of post-consumer recyclates applied in direct contact to food. Safety assessment criteria as developed by the European Food Safety Authority EFSA will be presented, explained, and critically discussed.

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“…However, even if it is used as secondary packaging, which could be the case with papers used in this study, it is important to know the risks of the potential migration values. A recent review article [18] discussed approaches to reduce chemical migration from recycled paperboard. Inks have been shown to migrate through paper into dry and liquid food simulants [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Non-Wood Fibres in Printed Paper Substrate on Barrier and Migration Properties

Kurek

Plazonić

Maretić

et al. 2022

Teh. glas. (Online)

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Nowadays, there is a strong initiative to use recycled or biodegradable materials in all aspects of production including the graphic industry. In this study, paper was used as a material fulfilling the two of mentioned properties. Under laboratory conditions, papers were made of 70% pulp from recycled wood fibres with an addition of 30% straw pulp (wheat, barley or triticale). Considering the importance of the possibility of printing such media based on their end use, the influence of fibre type on vapour barrier properties was studied and overall migration to hydrophilic and fatty food simulants was measured. Analyses were performed on digital, flexographic, and offset prints obtained by printing laboratory papers with UV-curable black ink. It was found that prints produced using the offset technique, in which the ink remains on the surface of the paper, had lower overall levels of migration compared to other printing techniques. The paper produced appears to have the potential to be used as a secondary food packaging material.

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How to make the use of recycled paperboard fit for food contact? A contribution to the discussion

Cited by 7 publications

References 57 publications

Current approaches and challenges of sample preparation procedures for the safety assessment of paper and cardboard food contact materials: A comprehensive review

Current approaches and challenges of sample preparation procedures for the safety assessment of paper and cardboard food contact materials: A comprehensive review

Recycling of Post-Consumer Packaging Materials into New Food Packaging Applications—Critical Review of the European Approach and Future Perspectives

Effects of Non-Wood Fibres in Printed Paper Substrate on Barrier and Migration Properties

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