“…According to Gefen, Straub, and Boudreau (Achjari, 2004), the use of SEM assumes that the relationship between items and their constructs and relationships between constructs is linear. While for Sarstedt, Hair, Cheah, Becker, & Ringle (2019), SEM is a high-level construction, which facilitates modelling of the construction at a more abstract high-level dimension and a more concrete low-level subdimension. There are two methods, namely covariant-based called CB-SEM and variant-based called VB-SEM, which were introduced by Wold in 1966 (Hamdollah & Baghaei, 2016), with the name PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square -SEM).…”