How to use the cosmological Schwinger principle for energy flux, entropy, and "atoms of space–time" to create a thermodynamic space–time and multiverse

The quantum gravity problem that the notion of a quantum state, representing the structure of space-time at some instant, and the notion of the evolution of the state, does not get traction, since there are no real "instants", is avoided by having initial Octonionic geometry embedded in a larger, nonlinear "pilot model" (semi classical) embedding structure. The Penrose suggestion of re-cycled space time avoiding a "big crunch" is picked as the embedding structure, so as to avoid the "instants" of time issue. Getting Octionic gravity as embedded in a larger, Pilot theory embedding structure may restore Quantum Gravity to its rightful place in early cosmology without the complication of then afterwards "Schrodinger equation" states of the universe, and the transformation of Octonionic gravity to existing space-time is explored via its possible linkage to a new version of the HUP involving metric tensors. We conclude with how specific properties of Octonion numbers algebra influence the structure and behavior of the early-cosmology model. This last point is raised in Section 14, and is akin to a phase transition from Pre-Octonionic geometry, in pre-Planckian space-time, to Octonionic geometry in Planckian space-time. A simple phase transition is alluded to; making this clear is as simple as realizing that Pre-Octonionic is for Pre-Planckian Space-time and Octonionic is for Planckian Space-time. We state that the Standard Model of physics occurs during Planckian Space-time. We also argue that the Standard Model does not apply to Pre Planckian Space-time. This is commensurate with the Octonion number system NOT applying in pre-Planckian spacetime, but applying in Plankian space-time. And the last line of Equation (54) gives a minimum time step in pre-Planckian space-time when we do NOT have the Standard Model of physics, or Octonionic Geometry.

Section: Discussion Of the Geometry Alteration Due To The Evolution Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transition from Pre-Octonionic to Octonionic Gravity and How It May Be Pertinent to a Re-Do of the HUP for Metric Tensors

Beckwith¹

2017

“…Here, the term g * is for degrees of freedom of the universe, which is usually of the order of 100, [21] but the author got figures in the ballpark of about 1000, in [22]. Either it is of the sort where Λ remains invariant, or else we have to say [23] [ ] This has to be worked out, for the obvious reasons, as well as looking at, if we have an iterative process for the generation of g * along the lines of looking at an iterative dynamical systems mapping, i.e.…”

Section: Seven Open Questions Which Remain To Be Answeredmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Either it is of the sort where Λ remains invariant, or else we have to say [23] [ ] This has to be worked out, for the obvious reasons, as well as looking at, if we have an iterative process for the generation of g * along the lines of looking at an iterative dynamical systems mapping, i.e. a chaotic map driven increase in degrees of freedom from a low point to a high point with vacuum thermal energy initially tied to [22] ( )…”

Section: Seven Open Questions Which Remain To Be Answeredmentioning

confidence: 99%

How a Minimum Time Step Leads to a Causal Structure Used to Form Initial Entropy Production and High Frequency Gravitons, with 7 Subsequent Open Questions

Beckwith¹

2017

We start where we use an inflaton value due to use of a scale factor In doing so, we come up with a polynomial expression for a minimum time step; we can call t ∆ which leads to a development of the arrow of time. We show an inter relationship between the formation of the Arrow of time, and Causal structure, assuming the setting of H = 0 in the Friedman equation This in turn leads to entropy production at the start of causal structure in the onset of inflation. This then leads to three and a quarter pages of 7 open questions we think have to be answered, subsequently. It is noted that high frequency gravitational waves as specified are due to the 1/delta t entry in Equation (45) of the document which comes out to about 44 Hertz, and certainly is high frequency gravitational waves for the initial cosmological conditions, so this is definitely about high frequency gravitational wave focused initial conditions.

“…One scenario being the authors speculation as to initial degrees of freedom reaching up to 1000, and the nature of a phase transition from essentially very low degrees of freedom, to over 1000 as speculated by the author in 2010 [12]. 4) What the author would be particularly interested in knowing would be if actual semiclassical reasoning could be used to get to an initial prequantum cosmological state.…”

Section: Review Of Ng [8] With Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Initial Singularities in a Single Repeating Universe as Opposed to Their Behavior in a Multiverse

Beckwith

2017

Self Cite

When the initial radius of the universe is set in four dimensions and if there is only ONE repeating universe, then the initial radii of the universe is R → 0 or gets very close to zero if we use the Einstein Equations modified by Stoica. The Einstein Equations are reset by Stoical in a formalism which removes in four dimensions, the big bang singularity pathology. So then the reason for Planck length no longer holds. This manuscript assumes a repeating single universe. We present entanglement entropy in the early universe with a shrinking scale factor, due to Muller and Lousto, and show that there are consequences due to initial entangled Our new manuscript presentation sets as a starting point a cosmology with a non-zero Λ vacuum energy. The non-zero Λ vacuum energy, initial configuration of the universe permits us to keep in an information theory stand point (information theory), computational bits for our configuration of cosmological expansion. This assemblage of computational bits occurs in cosmological evolution even if in an initial four-dimensional cosmology, we have the initial radii of the universe R → 0. We also find that in the case of a multiverse, such considerations will not hold and that cosmic singularities have a more different characteristic in the multiverse setting than in the single universe repeated over and over again, i.e. using an argument borrowed and modified from Kauffman, the multiverse will not mandate "perfect" singularities. The existence of a multiverse may allow for non zero singularities in lieu with the Kauffman argument cited at the end of the document, plus the lower pre big bang temperatures which may allow for the survival of gravitons just before the onset of the cosmological expansion phase, if a multiverse exists embedding our present universe.