Human adipose tissue dioxin and dibenzofuran levels and “dioxin toxic equivalents” in patients from the north and south of Vietnam

Schecter, Arnold; Tong, H.Y.; Monson, S.J.; Gross, Michael L.; Räisänen, S.; Karhunen, Tommi; Österlund, Eija; Constable, John; Cau, Hoang Dinh; Dai, Liyi; Quynh, Hoang Tri; Lang, Ton Duc; Phuong, Nguyen Thị; Phiet, Phan Hoaug; Vu, Dan

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(90)90204-7

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…TCDD contributes 53% ofthe TEqs in this series, followedby 16% from HxCDD, 13% PeCDD, 8% HxCDF, 3% TCDF and HpCDD, and 2 % from OCDD. In the north ofVietnam, by contrast, with its much lower levels of PCDD/Fs, TCDD contributes only 17% oftotal TEqs, whereas 25 % is from HxCDF, 18 % from HxCDD, a much higher than usual 16% is from TCDF, 14% is from PeCDD, 7% from HpCDD, and only 1% is from OCDD (9,53,54).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissues from general populations: a selective review

Schecter

Fürst²,

Fürst³

et al. 1994

Environ Health Perspect

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the past decade a considerable amount of data has been generated concerning polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) levels in humans from many geographical locations. To organize these data in a useful fashion for environmental purposes and for consideration of human toxicity, selected portions ofour data are presented in a somewhat atypical fashion, by percentage contribution of individual congeners to total PCDD/Fs in human tissue, and to the total dioxin equivalents (TEq). This is done to better characterize congener contributions from environmental contamination in various geographical regionsat this time and health-related levels. To present the findings in a global perspective, data from widely different locations are presented including the United States, Germany, Vietnam, the former Soviet Union, Thailand,

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissues from general populations: a selective review

Schecter

Fürst²,

Fürst³

et al. 1994

Environ Health Perspect

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These negative milk samples were not collected from the same patients that contributed the adipose tissue, and because of age, health and other differences between the two groups no conclusions could be drawn regarding the distribution of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD between adipose and human milk. This same research team reported three follow up studies (Schecter et al, 1989a,b; Schecter et al, 1990). The first study compared 2,3,7,8‐TCDD and TCDF levels in adipose samples collected from 27 hospitalized South Vietnamese patients with the levels found in 10 pooled samples from the North.…”

Section: Biomonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a High‐resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for Ultra‐trace Analysis of Chlorinated Dioxins in Environmental and Biological Samples Including Viet Nam Era Veterans

Lay

Liyanage

Gidden

2020

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorinated dioxins are labeled and recognized by both the World Health Organization and the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) as “persistent organic pollutants”. Their potential for high toxicity is one of the primary factors behind intense public and regulatory scrutiny and the need to measure the compounds at very low limits, specifically the isomer 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (2,3,7,8‐TCDD). This article highlights the early mass spectrometry methods to investigate, detect, confirm, and quantify chlorinated dioxins and the initial applications involving human biomonitoring, as attempts were made to attribute health effects to TCDD exposure. This effort represented a complex and difficult scientific response to the pressing need to investigate expected exposures and alleged subsequent medical effects, which in the case of the Viet Nam veterans was being attempted a decade or more after their exposure. It is noteworthy that this method and its development touched on delicate issues involving human subjects, war veterans, environmental contamination, and was difficult not only scientifically, but for ethical and political reasons as well. Stable‐isotope dilution with analysis by gas chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) became the method of choice because of its ability to monitor characteristic ions and isotope ratios to quantify and qualify/confirm the analyte in the presence of coextracting and coeluting interferences at these low levels with the highest possible confidence. This method was rigorously tested and validated before it was used to discover and monitor levels in the environment and in various populations at then unprecedented low levels. These early studies demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring dioxins in humans even decades after exposure, and led to the detection of 2,3,7,8‐TCDD in the general population as well as specific overexposed populations. These studies also provided strong evidence regarding the origins of the 2,3,7,8‐isomer in the environment. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev

show abstract

Exposure Assessment

Schecter¹

1994

Dioxins and Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human adipose tissue dioxin and dibenzofuran levels and “dioxin toxic equivalents” in patients from the north and south of Vietnam

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissues from general populations: a selective review

Chlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans in human tissues from general populations: a selective review

The Development of a High‐resolution Mass Spectrometry Method for Ultra‐trace Analysis of Chlorinated Dioxins in Environmental and Biological Samples Including Viet Nam Era Veterans

Exposure Assessment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About