Human anelloviruses and the central nervous system

Maggi, Fabrizio; Bendinelli, Mauro

doi:10.1002/rmv.668

Cited by 60 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Currently, human TTV is not considered to be directly associated with a particular disease, although recent studies suggested that TTV may serve as an immunological trigger of multiple sclerosis (26). Similarly, whether TTSuV is associated with a swine disease is still debatable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rescue of a Porcine Anellovirus (Torque Teno Sus Virus 2) from Cloned Genomic DNA in Pigs

Huang

Patterson

Opriessnig

et al. 2012

J Virol

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Anelloviruses are a group of single-stranded circular DNA viruses infecting humans and other animal species. Animal models combined with reverse genetic systems of anellovirus have not been developed. We report here the construction and initial characterization of full-length DNA clones of a porcine anellovirus, torque teno sus virus 2 (TTSuV2), in vitro and in vivo . We first demonstrated that five cell lines, including PK-15 cells, are free of TTSuV1 or TTSuV2 contamination, as determined by a real-time PCR and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using anti-TTSuV antibodies. Recombinant plasmids harboring monomeric or tandem-dimerized genomic DNA of TTSuV2 from the United States and Germany were constructed. Circular TTSuV2 genomic DNA with or without introduced genetic markers and tandem-dimerized TTSuV2 plasmids were transfected into PK-15 cells, respectively. Splicing of viral mRNAs was identified in transfected cells. Expression of TTSuV2-specific open reading frame 1 (ORF1) in cell nuclei, especially in nucleoli, was detected by IFA. However, evidence of productive TTSuV2 infection was not observed in 12 different cell lines transfected with the TTSuV2 DNA clones. Transfection with circular DNA from a TTSuV2 deletion mutant did not produce ORF1 protein, suggesting that the observed ORF1 expression is driven by TTSuV2 DNA replication in cells. Pigs inoculated with either the tandem-dimerized clones or circular genomic DNA of U.S. TTSuV2 developed viremia, and the introduced genetic markers were retained in viral DNA recovered from the sera of infected pigs. The availability of an infectious DNA clone of TTSuV2 will facilitate future study of porcine anellovirus pathogenesis and biology.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rescue of a Porcine Anellovirus (Torque Teno Sus Virus 2) from Cloned Genomic DNA in Pigs

Huang

Patterson

Opriessnig

et al. 2012

J Virol

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“…According to recent studies up to two-thirds or more of the global human population carries anelloviruses in plasma while GBVC can be found in serum of 1-4% of healthy blood donors, with a reported prevalence of 1.2% in The Netherlands (Jongerius et al, 1999;Bendinelli et al, 2001;Praharaj et al, 2006;Maggi and Bendinelli, 2010). These data suggest that the 2 viruses detected in the studied population do not correlate to the onset of schizophrenic symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Viral metagenomics in drug-naïve, first-onset schizophrenia patients with prominent negative symptoms

Canuti

Beveren

Farsani

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…TTV10 is a type of anellovirus, a family of viruses with small circular singlestranded DNA genomes that are found in plasma (32)(33)(34)(35). The discovery of BIS8-17 in this patient validates the use of genome amplification techniques to identify new infectious agents from plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, PCR amplification with other general TTV primers may provide more comprehensive detection (37). Additionally, with regard to a specific TTV species, perhaps one of the other 28 TTV species (34,35), other than TTV10 or BIS8-17, may associate with CLL or PV and correlate with disease. Moreover, a TTV containing a specific genomic rearrangement could associate with disease; such a possibility has been entertained for childhood leukemias (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TTV sequences are highly variable and have been segregated into five major genetic groups with genotypes >50% different (32,33). The current taxonomic classification defines 29 human TTV species (34,35). BIS8-17 is most similar to the TTV10 species (with only 15% nucleotide sequence dissimilarity to TTV10 ORF1; GenBank accession number NC_014076).…”

Section: Identification Of Ttv10 In Plasma From Patient Cll831mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Torque Teno Virus 10 Isolated by Genome Amplification Techniques from a Patient with Concomitant Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Polycythemia Vera

Chu

Zhang

Dhayalan

et al. 2011

Mol Med

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An infectious etiology has been proposed for many human cancers, but rarely have specific agents been identified. One difficulty has been the need to propagate cancer cells in vitro to produce the infectious agent in detectable quantity. We hypothesized that genome amplification from small numbers of cells could be adapted to circumvent this difficulty. A patient with concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and polycythemia vera (PV) requiring therapeutic phlebotomy donated a large amount of phlebotomized blood to test this possibility. Using genome amplification methods, we identified a new isolate (BIS8-17) of torque teno virus (TTV) 10. The presence of blood isolate sequence 8-17 (BIS8-17) in the original plasma was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), validating the approach, since TTV is a known plasma virus. Subsequent PCR testing of plasmas from additional patients showed that BIS8-17 had a similar incidence (~20%) in CLL (n = 48) or PV (n = 10) compared with healthy controls (n = 52). CLL cells do not harbor BIS8-17; PCR did not detect it in CLL peripheral blood genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (n = 20). CLL patient clinical outcome or prognostic markers (immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region [IGHV ] mutation, CD38 or zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70kDa [ZAP-70]) did not correlate with BIS8-17 infection. Although not causative to our knowledge, this is the first reported isolation and detection of TTV in either CLL or PV. TTV could serve as a covirus with another infectious agent or TTV variant with rearranged genetic components that contribute to disease pathogenesis. These results prove that this method identifies infectious agents and provides an experimental methodology to test correlation with disease.

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Human anelloviruses and the central nervous system

Cited by 60 publications

References 129 publications

Rescue of a Porcine Anellovirus (Torque Teno Sus Virus 2) from Cloned Genomic DNA in Pigs

Rescue of a Porcine Anellovirus (Torque Teno Sus Virus 2) from Cloned Genomic DNA in Pigs

Viral metagenomics in drug-naïve, first-onset schizophrenia patients with prominent negative symptoms

Torque Teno Virus 10 Isolated by Genome Amplification Techniques from a Patient with Concomitant Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Polycythemia Vera

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