Human B cell differentiation. II. Pokeweed mitogen-responsive B cells belong to a surface immunoglobulin D-negative subpopulation.

Kuritani, Taro; Cooper, Max D.

doi:10.1084/jem.155.5.1561

Cited by 97 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, a negative correlation was found between the effect of 1L-4 on sCD23 production and its effect on Ig production, and this effect was enhanced in RA PBMC. Combined, these findings are consistent with previous reports indicating that PWM-responsive normal B cells belong to the sIgD-subpopulation (43,44). The reduction of this subset in RA B cells probably contributes to the decreased Ig production observed in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Increased production of soluble CD23 in rheumatoid arthritis, and its regulation by interleukin‐4

Chomarat¹,

Briolay²,

Banchereau³

et al. 1993

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To assess CD23 status in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, as defined by the levels of CD23 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), the levels of soluble CD23 (sCD23) in sera, and the production of sCD23 by PBMC cultures and its regulation by interleukin‐4 (IL‐4). Methods. CD23 expression as determined by double fluorescence‐activated cell sorter analysis and sCD23 production as determined by immunoradiometric assay were investigated in 24 RA patients and 21 controls. Soluble CD23 was measured in sera and supernatants of PBMC, activated with polyclonal activators (pokeweed mitogen [PWM] or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain 1, [SAC]) used either alone or in combination with IL‐2 or IL‐4. Results. The percentage of B cells expressing CD23 and serum levels of sCD23 were increased in patients with RA. IL‐4 was a potent inducer of sCD23 production in supernatants, whereas IL‐2 was inactive. Costimulation with SAC or PWM did not increase the effect obtained with IL‐4 alone. When sCD23 levels in RA and control supernatants were compared, spontaneous production was found to be increased in RA PBMC. This difference from control values was even more pronounced when sCD23 levels in PBMC and purified B cells in response to IL‐4, either alone or in combination with SAC or PWM, were tested. In the same supernatants, the increased secretion of sCD23 induced by IL‐4 was associated with an inhibitory effect of IL‐4 on Ig production, a phenomenon that was more pronounced in RA PBMC than in controls. Conclusion. CD23 status in RA is characterized by increased expression of CD23 on B cells, increased production of sCD23 in sera and supernatants, and increased sensitivity of RA PBMC and B cells to IL‐4.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Increased production of soluble CD23 in rheumatoid arthritis, and its regulation by interleukin‐4

Chomarat¹,

Briolay²,

Banchereau³

et al. 1993

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…IL-2 alone in this system does not directly induce B cell differentiation (36) . The responsive B cell as in the PWM-driven polyclonal system is a preactivated B cell (38) . To investigate the possibility that lack of helper activity was due to low IL-2 production from T cells induced by anti-CD3 mAb, exogeneous IL-2 was added.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal analysis of functionally distinct human CD4+ T cell subsets.

Rotteveel

Kokkelink

Lier

et al. 1988

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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A large number of CD4+ T cell clones, obtained from peripheral blood T lymphocytes by direct limiting dilution, allowed us to address the question whether functional heterogeneity exists within the human CD4+ T cell subset. Cytotoxic capacity of cloned T cells was analyzed with the use of anti-CD3 antibodies and target cells bearing FcR for murine IgG. 6 of 12 CD4+ clones obtained were able to lyse Daudi or P815 cells in the presence of anti-CD3 antibodies. The remaining six CD4+ T cell clones tested did not display anti-CD3-mediated cytotoxic activity and did not acquire this cytotoxic capacity during a culture period of 20 wk. In the absence of anti-CD3 mAb, no lytic activity against Daudi, P815, and K562 target cells was observed under normal culture conditions. Phenotypic analysis of these two distinct types of CD4+ T cells did not reveal differences with regard to reactivity with CDw29 (4B4) and CD45R (2H4) mAbs that have been described to recognize antigens associated with helper suppressor/inducer (respectively) CD4+ cells. The CD4+ clones without anti-CD3-mediated cytotoxic activities (Th2) consistently showed a high expression level of CD28 antigens, whereas the cytotoxic clones (Th1) expressed low amounts of CD28. Th1 CD4+ clones did produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha/beta, whereas the Th2 T cell clones produced minimal amounts of IL-2 and only low levels of INF-gamma and TNF-alpha/beta in response to anti-CD3 mAbs and PMA. Although not all CD4+ clones did release IL-4, there was no correlation with cytotoxic activity. Moreover, as compared with the Th1 CD4+ clones, Th2 CD4+ T cell clones proliferated moderately in response to immobilized anti-CD3 mAbs. However, proliferation reached the level of the cytotoxic clones when anti-CD28 mABs were present during culture. Both CD4+ subsets provided help for B cell differentiation upon stimulation with anti-CD3 mAbs. Our data suggest that the human CD4+ subset, in analogy to the murine system, comprises two functionally distinct T cell subpopulations, both of which are able to exert helper activity for polyclonal B cell differentiation, but which differ in cytotoxic capacity, lymphokine production, and requirements for proliferation. A function for these two types of T cells in the immune response is discussed.

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“…Donors were tested for the presence of anti-Candida antibody in serum by electrosyneresis and/or by hemagglutination (19), and only seropositive donors were considered as sensitized. Some adult donors were immunised by pneumococcal Sll antigen, subcutaneously at a dose of 50 gg in 1 ml of saline, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] (Sigma Chemical Co.) at a final concentration of 1 mg/ml in carbonate buffer was added to each well. Plates were incubated for 1 h at 370C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.

Durandy¹,

Fischer²,

Griscelli³

1983

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T We have developed a new antigenic system for the induction of specific in vitro antibody response in man. The antigen used was purified from the cell wall of Candida albicans strain A and contained >96% polysaccharide mannan. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Candida-sensitized donors produced specific antimannan antibodies during a 7-d culture in the presence of mannan absorbed with methylated bovine serum albumin. Two methods were used to detect antimannan antibody responses. Antimannan antibody-producing cells were identified by radioautography with tritiated mannan. Antibody concentration in culture supernatants was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In both methods, specific IgM and IgG (but not IgA) antibodies were detected. The antibody production to mannan was specific, since an antigenically unrelated polysaccharide (pneumococcal antigen S III) did not bind to methylated bovine serum albumin-mannan-induced blast cells and did not induce antimannan antibodycontaining cells. Furthermore, a pulse with an excess of unlabeled mannan abolished [3H]mannan binding, whereas an excess of unlabeled S III did not. Similarly, no antimannan antibody was obtained in influenza virus-stimulated cultures and mannan-stimulated cultures were not inducing antiinfluenza antibodies. The antimannan antibody production was shown to be a T cell-dependent phenomenon. The T helper effect appeared to be radiosensitive. It was under a genetic restriction as it occurred only in autologous or semiidentical but not in allogeneic situations. This system is relatively simple, reproducible, and well suited for

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Human B cell differentiation. II. Pokeweed mitogen-responsive B cells belong to a surface immunoglobulin D-negative subpopulation.

Cited by 97 publications

References 13 publications

Increased production of soluble CD23 in rheumatoid arthritis, and its regulation by interleukin‐4

Increased production of soluble CD23 in rheumatoid arthritis, and its regulation by interleukin‐4

Clonal analysis of functionally distinct human CD4+ T cell subsets.

Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.

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