Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective

Stinson, Sara; Bogin, Barry; O’Rourke, Dennis H.

doi:10.1002/9781118108062.ch1

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Humans evolved in tropical Africa and their thermoneutral range is relatively narrow (25–27°C, 77–81°F) (Snodgrass, 2012). Outside of this range, the human body has mechanisms to return to thermal homeostasis, which require iron as a micronutrient (Rosenzweig and Volpe, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In healthy people, exposure to cold temperatures 16°C (61°F) or below results in potentially fatal thermoregulation stress (Parsons, 2014). As seen among ancestral peoples of the north, one such adaptive response to cold stress is to increase metabolism, which is triggered by the release of hormones (Beal et al, 2012; Snodgrass, 2012). But iron deficiency inhibits the release of thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) necessary for regulating metabolism (Beard et al, 1990; Beard and Durward, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, below the lower critical temperature of 16°C (61°F) for humans, iron deficient individuals are less able to regulate body temperature in response to thermal stress (Beard et al, 1990, 1996; Brigham et al, 1996; Lukaski et al, 1990). Moreover, Beal et al, (2012) show that at 16°C (61°F) manual dexterity begins to fail and at 12°C (54°F) tactile sensation disappears. Adding moisture, even humidity, to the equation results in significantly greater body temperature loss due to conduction and evaporative cooling (Parsons, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The evolutionary adaptation of the C282Y mutation to culture and climate during the European Neolithic

Heath

Axton

McCullough

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesThe C282Y allele is the major cause of hemochromatosis as a result of excessive iron absorption. The mutation arose in continental Europe no earlier than 6,000 years ago, coinciding with the arrival of the Neolithic agricultural revolution. Here we hypothesize that this new Neolithic diet, which originated in the sunny warm and dry climates of the Middle East, was carried by migrating farmers into the chilly and damp environments of Europe where iron is a critical micronutrient for effective thermoregulation. We argue that the C282Y allele was an adaptation to this novel environment.Materials and MethodsTo address our hypothesis, we compiled C282Y allele frequencies, known Neolithic sites in Europe and climatic data on temperature and rainfall for statistical analysis.ResultsOur findings indicate that the geographic cline for C282Y frequency in Europe increases as average temperatures decrease below 16°C, a critical threshold for thermoregulation, with rainy days intensifying the trend.DiscussionThe results indicate that the deleterious C282Y allele, responsible for most cases of hemochromatosis, may have evolved as a selective advantage to culture and climate during the European Neolithic. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:86–101, 2016. © 2016 The Authors American Journal of Physical Anthropology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The evolutionary adaptation of the C282Y mutation to culture and climate during the European Neolithic

Heath

Axton

McCullough

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We then find that adult men are, and adult women are not, very different from a 6‐ to 9‐month‐old baby in terms of fat percentage. For example, entering the mean BMI‐value of 20 for three African hunter‐gatherer groups – the Hadza, Efe, and !Kung (reported by Leonard, 2012) – into the formula proposed by Deurenberg, Weststrate, and Seidell (1991), and selecting an age of 25 years, we find about 25% fat for females, and 14% for males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Seeing overweight adults as babies: Physical cues and implications for stigmatization

Dijker

DeLuster

Peeters

et al. 2017

British J of Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human babies not only are reliable triggers of tender feelings and protective tendencies, they also happen to be exceptionally fat compared to the newborns of most other species. These two facts are used to formulate a hypothesis predicting that overweight males, due to their great physical resemblance to babies, not only are perceived as cute, but also are associated with negatively evaluated traits (e.g., immaturity, lack of willpower) that are saliently inconsistent with traits required for adults. In this study, a great many physical features of adult males varying widely in weight were measured and correlated with subjective judgements. Providing preliminary support for the hypothesis, it was found that the features that were correlated with objective and perceived fatness (e.g., circularity of body parts, relatively large head, short and thick neck) also correlated with perceived babyishness. Perceived fatness and babyishness had curvilinear influences on the positive and prosocial appraisal of cuteness, but were primarily negatively related to perceived willpower and beauty. Results are used to formulate an alternative evolutionary perspective on social responses to overweight and obese individuals, emphasizing the uniquely human adaptive value of fatness and the misfiring of the underlying response mechanism under modern conditions of living.

show abstract

“…variables genéticas (Stinson 2000). Siguiendo a Rissech (2008), los elementos diagnósticos más utilizados por su alta conservación y facilidad de cálculo son: el coxal, la escápula y el fémur.…”

Section: Rango Etario Considerado En La Práctica Mortuoriaunclassified

Las Vasijas Y Su Potencial Como Sujetos Estabilizadores De Seres Incompletos: Prácticas Mortuorias De Infantes Durante El Período Tardío en El Valle Calchaquí Norte

Amuedo¹

2015

Estud. atacam.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Las vasijas y su potencial como sujetos estabilizadores de seres incompletos: prácticas mortuorias de infantes durante el período Resumen Las inhumaciones dentro de vasijas son uno de los fenómenos arqueológicos más extendidos en el noroeste argentino. En este trabajo se estudian los entierros de infantes en vasijas del período Intermedio Tardío en el valle Calchaquí Norte (provincia de Salta, Argentina). A partir de los análisis realizados sobre los contenedores cerámicos, las tapas y los restos humanos, pudo determinarse que los objetos participaron en otras actividades antes de formar parte de las tumbas, como tareas ligadas a la preparación de alimentos. Por el lado de los análisis osteológicos, se estableció el rango etario de los sujetos no mayor a tres años de vida. Con ello se pudo comprender que el contexto mortuorio es una combinación de elementos con caminos biográficos diferentes dentro los poblados prehispánicos: vasijas socializadas con amplios recorridos dentro de las casas, y niños que han fallecido antes de completar su integración a la comunidad. Estas trayectorias nos hablan de la constitución de la subjetividad en el pasado calchaquí, donde algunos pueden o no ser personas, tanto objetos como sujetos, al igual que sucede en otras ontologías no modernas, como la andina. Palabras claves: infantes -vasijas -biografías -personas -ontología andina.Abstract Burials inside ceramic vessels are one of the most widespread archaeological phenomena in northwestern Argentina. In this paper we analyze infant burials in vessels from the Late Intermediate Period in the North Calchaquí Valley (Salta, Argentina). Analyses of the ceramic vessels, lids, and human remains enabled us to determine that the objects were used for other activities before entering the tombs, as tasks related to food preparation. The osteological analysis established the age of the subjects to be no more than three years at the time of death. This information indicates that the mortuary context is a combination of elements with different biographical trajectories within prehispanic settlements, such as socialized vessels with ample trajectories inside the dwellings, and children who have passed on before completing their integration into the community. These trajectories tell us about the constitution of subjectivity in past Calchaquí society, where some may or may not be people, both as objects and as subjects, similar to other non-modern Andean ontologies.

show abstract

Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective

Cited by 55 publications

References 33 publications

The evolutionary adaptation of the C282Y mutation to culture and climate during the European Neolithic

The evolutionary adaptation of the C282Y mutation to culture and climate during the European Neolithic

Seeing overweight adults as babies: Physical cues and implications for stigmatization

Las Vasijas Y Su Potencial Como Sujetos Estabilizadores De Seres Incompletos: Prácticas Mortuorias De Infantes Durante El Período Tardío en El Valle Calchaquí Norte

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About