Human bone marrow non-B, non-T cells produce interleukin 4 in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon and Fc gamma receptors.

Piccinni, Marie‐Pierre; Macchia, Donatella; Parronchi, Paola; Giudizi, Maria Grazia; Bani, Danièle; Alterini, Renato; Grossi, A.; Ricci, M; Maggi, Enrico; Romagnani, Sergio

doi:10.1073/pnas.88.19.8656

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Murine mast cell lines can produce IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, TNFa, and GM-CSF,"7-"9 and human cells of mast/basophil lineage are also capable of cytokine synthesis. 120 Alveolar macrophages from asthmatic subjects spontaneously produce GM-CSF in vitro. '2' More recently in vitro production of several cytokines by eosinophils (IL-3,122 IL-5,123 IL-6,'24 IL-8,125 GM-CSF126), and bronchial epithelial cells (GM-CSF, IL-8) has been reported.…”

Section: Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines. 3. Cytokines in asthma.

Robinson¹,

Durham²,

Kay³

1993

Thorax

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Section: Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines. 3. Cytokines in asthma.

Robinson¹,

Durham²,

Kay³

1993

Thorax

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“…As IL-4 is predominantly produced by CD4' CD45RO memory helper T cells [17.19.20], it is likely tbat tbe cells wbicb spontaneously expressed iL-4 mRNA represent T cells. Mast cells [21] andnon-B non-T cells [22] bave also been shown lo produce IL-4 in vitro, but it is not clear whether these cells represent significant sources of TL-4 in vivo, or whether they are present in significant numbers in tbe peripberal blood. Spontaneous production of intracellular IFN--t [5] and spontaneous secretion of IL-6 [7] bave also been demonstrated in AD.…”

Section: Djscvjssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous expression of IL-4 mRNA in lymphocytes from children with atopic dermatitis

Tang

Kemp

1994

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYNormal lymphocytes do not generally produce or secrete lymphokines in the resting or unsliniuiated state atid only express or release cytokines following activation. Recently, the spontaneous production of intracellular ititerferon-gamma (IFN-7) and spontaneous secretion of IL-6 has been documented in patients with atopic dermatitis. These findings indicated that lymphocytes had been previously activated in vivo. Such in vivo activation may also be associated with spontaneous production of IL-4. As measurement of IL-4 secretion by immunoassay is complicated by poor sensitivity, and only provides information on the net amount of cytokine present after secretion, adsorption, consumption and degradation have occurred, IL-4 mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes from children with atopic dermatitis and controls was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-assisted mRNA amplification. Spontaneous expression of IL-4 mRNA was detected in four of eight patients with severe atopic dermatitis. Following stimulation in vitro, seven of eighi atopic patients demonstrated detectable IL-4 mRNA. In comparison, no spontaneous expression of IL-4 mRNA was found in controls, and only six of 10 controls expressed IL-4 mRNA in stimulated cultures. The spontaneous expression of IL-4 mRNA in unstimulated cultures from children with atopic dermatitis supports the possibility that previous in vivo activation has occurred, and suggests that IL-4 production is increased in vivo in atopic dermatitis. This in vivo activation together with the constitutive expression of IL-4 mRNA are likely to contribute to the spontaneous in vitro produetion of IgE in atopic patients.

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“…Activated basophils have been shown to release a large number of factors including cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, thymic stromal lymphopoietin), histamine, leukotrienes, and platelet activating factor (1,2,5,12,(28)(29)(30)(31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basophils Support the Survival of Plasma Cells in Mice

Gómez

Talke

Goebel

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

119

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We have previously shown that basophils support humoral memory immune responses by increasing B cell proliferation and Ig production as well as inducing a Th2 and B helper phenotype in T cells. Based on the high frequency of basophils in spleen and bone marrow, in this study we investigated whether basophils also support plasma cell survival and Ig production. In the absence of basophils, plasma cells of naive or immunized mice rapidly undergo apoptosis in vitro and produce only low amounts of Igs. In contrast, in the presence of basophils and even more in the presence of activated basophils, the survival of plasma cells is markedly increased and continuous production of Igs enabled. This effect is partially dependent on IL-4 and IL-6 released from basophils. Similar results were obtained when total bone marrow cells or bone marrow cells depleted of basophils were cultured in the presence or absence of substances activating basophils. When basophils were depleted in vivo 6 mo after immunization with an Ag, specific Ig production in subsequent bone marrow cultures was significantly reduced. In addition, depletion of basophils for 18 d in naive mice significantly reduced the number of plasma cells in the spleen. These data indicate that basophils are important for survival of plasma cells in vitro and in vivo.

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Human bone marrow non-B, non-T cells produce interleukin 4 in response to cross-linkage of Fc epsilon and Fc gamma receptors.

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Cytokines. 3. Cytokines in asthma.

Cytokines. 3. Cytokines in asthma.

Spontaneous expression of IL-4 mRNA in lymphocytes from children with atopic dermatitis

Basophils Support the Survival of Plasma Cells in Mice

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