Human Brucellosis in Maghreb: Existence of a Lineage Related to Socio-Historical Connections with Europe

Lounes, Nedjma; Cherfa, Moulay-Ali; Carrou, Gilles Le; Bouyoucef, Abdellah; Jaý, Maryne; Garin‐Bastuji, Bruno; Mick, Virginie

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115319

Cited by 37 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Despite attempts at eradication, there remain 500000 cases annually worldwide, with many going unreported [1]. Since the 1980s, several outbreaks have occurred in the Ghardaia province, most recently in 2016 [2], at the time of our patient’s exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Pediatric Brucellosis in an Algerian Immigrant

Kitt

Brannock

VonHolz

et al. 2017

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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An 8-year old girl presented to our facility with a 10-day history of fever, fatigue, abdominal pain and refusal to walk. She recently travelled from her native Algeria where she first developed symptoms. On evaluation, she was ill-appearing, febrile and tachycardic with hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy noted on examination. A strong musty odor was also noted from the child. Laboratory evaluation revealed pancytopenia, hyponatremia, and an elevated AST, ALT, and LDH. Malaria testing was negative, as was a PPD. On further questioning, the family reported multiple sick contacts in Algeria with similar symptoms. After discussion with Oncology and Infectious Diseases, she underwent a bone marrow biopsy that was significant for multiple non-caseating ring granulomas. She was started on combination therapy of doxycycline and for presumed brucellosis infection with improvement in her symptoms and resolution of fever. Bone marrow culture returned several days later positive for Brucella melitensis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Pediatric Brucellosis in an Algerian Immigrant

Kitt

Brannock

VonHolz

et al. 2017

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…Two of the human samples originating in Piemonte, although clustered within the West Mediterranean clade (ItBM_99, ItBM_78) were genetically divergent from animal samples, with 162 and 199-allele difference to the closest isolate and could be identified as outliers although distantly related to other Italian genotypes. Epidemiological investigations linked those cases to people who had come from northern African countries where the same West Mediterranean lineage is thought to be prevalent (35). Divergence of these two samples was not however evident in MLVA typing (2-3 alleles of distance to other isolates).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core Genome Multi Locus Sequence Typing and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis in the Epidemiology of Brucella melitensis Infections

Janowicz

Massis

Ancora

et al. 2018

Preprint

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28The use of whole genome sequencing (WGS) using next generation sequencing (NGS) 29 technology has become a widely accepted method for microbiology laboratories in the 30 application of molecular typing for outbreak tracing and genomic epidemiology. Several 31 studies demonstrated the usefulness of WGS data analysis through Single Nucleotide 32 Polymorphism (SNP) calling from a reference sequence analysis for Brucella melitensis, 33whereas gene-by-gene comparison through core-genome Multilocus Sequence Typing 34 (cgMLST) has not been explored so far. The current study developed an allele-based 35 method cgMLST and compared its performance to the genome-wide SNP approach and 36 the traditional MLVA on a defined sample collection. The dataset comprised of 37 37 epidemiologically linked animal cases of brucellosis as well as 71 epidemiologically 38 unrelated human and animal isolates collected in Italy. The cgMLST scheme generated in 39 this study contained 2,687 targets of the B. melitensis 16M reference genome (75.4% of 40 the complete genome). We established the potential criteria necessary for inclusion of an 41 isolate into a brucellosis outbreak cluster to be ≤4 loci in the cgMLST and ≤10 in WGS 42 SNP analysis. CgMLST and SNP analysis provided much higher phylogenetic distance 43 resolution than MLVA, particularly for strains belonging to the same lineage thus allowing 44 diverse and unrelated genotypes to be identified with greater confidence. The application 45 of this cgMLST scheme to the characterization of B. melitensis strains provided insights 46 into the epidemiology of this pathogen and it is a candidate to be a benchmark tool for 47 outbreak investigations in human and animal brucellosis. 48 49 50 51 52 53 3 Introduction 54

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“…Published bacteriological investigations in Algeria have characterised Brucella at the species and biovar levels. Brucella melitensis biovar 3 is the most prevalent in the case of goats (29). A study of the genetic diversity of Algerian B. melitensis biovar 3 strains by Lounes et al to assess whether an epidemiological relationship existed with European strains was recently carried out (29).…”

Section: The History Of Brucellosis Occurrence and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brucella melitensis biovar 3 is the most prevalent in the case of goats (29). A study of the genetic diversity of Algerian B. melitensis biovar 3 strains by Lounes et al to assess whether an epidemiological relationship existed with European strains was recently carried out (29). The results showed that the Algerian and European strains cluster together.…”

Section: The History Of Brucellosis Occurrence and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epidemiological overview of small ruminant diseases in Algeria

Kardjadj¹

2017

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Small ruminant production is one of the main sources of meat in Algeria and plays a vital role in the country's food security. Algeria's small ruminant industry has the potential to improve the living standards of farmers and households, as well as to increase animal protein availability to the public, and as a consequence to alleviate poverty and improve health. This review describes the main infectious diseases that have an impact on small ruminant production in Algeria. It also discusses the adopted control measures for these diseases. The epidemiological status of small ruminant diseases in Algeria is striking and the main infectious diseases threatening its small ruminant industry are peste des petits ruminants, bluetongue, foot and mouth disease, sheep pox/goat pox, brucellosis and Rift Valley fever. Therefore, the establishment of early warning systems and the proper implementation of control measures are needed in order to prevent, control and/or eradicate these diseases that have a significant impact on Algeria's economy.

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Human Brucellosis in Maghreb: Existence of a Lineage Related to Socio-Historical Connections with Europe

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

A Case Report of Pediatric Brucellosis in an Algerian Immigrant

A Case Report of Pediatric Brucellosis in an Algerian Immigrant

Core Genome Multi Locus Sequence Typing and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis in the Epidemiology of Brucella melitensis Infections

An epidemiological overview of small ruminant diseases in Algeria

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