Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations during the late first trimester are associated with fetal growth in a fetal sex-specific manner

Barjaktarović, M; Korevaar, Tim I M; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Rijke, Yolanda B. de; Visser, Theo J.; Peeters, Robin P.; Steegers, Eric A.P.

doi:10.1007/s10654-016-0201-3

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This might be explained by a potentially greater susceptibility of male fetuses to the impact of hCG variation, or by fetal‐sex‐specific differences in the variation of hCG isoforms. The hypothesis of fetal‐sex‐specific differences is further supported by our previous study that showed that the association of low hCG with lower fetal growth is stronger in pregnancies with a male fetus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Human chorionic gonadotropin and risk of pre‐eclampsia: prospective population‐based cohort study

Barjaktarović

Korevaar

Jaddoe

et al. 2019

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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ObjectivesAbnormal placentation in early pregnancy may play a role in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) regulates placental development and angiogenesis and may affect the ratio of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) in the serum. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of total hCG with the risk of pre‐eclampsia and to examine the potential effect of pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic factors on this association.MethodsThis was a population‐based prospective cohort study of 7754 women with a singleton pregnancy. Total hCG was measured in the first available sample (median gestational age, 14.4 weeks; 95% range, 10.1–26.1 weeks) and sFlt‐1 and PlGF concentrations in early (< 18 weeks; median, 13.2 weeks; 95% range, 9.6–17.6 weeks) and in mid‐ (18–25 weeks; median, 20.4 weeks; 95% range, 18.5–23.5 weeks) pregnancy. We tested the association of hCG concentration and risk of pre‐eclampsia using regression analysis, adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, body mass index, parity, education level, smoking status and fetal sex. Additionally, we assessed whether this association was affected by the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio.ResultsHigh hCG concentration was associated with a 1.5–2.7‐fold increased risk of pre‐eclampsia (P = 0.0001), depending on the cut‐off used, and with increased sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio during early pregnancy (P < 0.0001). The association between high hCG and pre‐eclampsia attenuated by roughly 40% after adjustment for early‐pregnancy sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio (β‐estimate change from 0.19 ± 0.10 (P = 0.052) to 0.12 ± 0.10 (P = 0.22)).ConclusionsHigh total hCG concentration in early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of pre‐eclampsia. The effect of high hCG concentration on the balance between pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic factors during pregnancy may have a role in the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia. © 2019 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Human chorionic gonadotropin and risk of pre‐eclampsia: prospective population‐based cohort study

Barjaktarović

Korevaar

Jaddoe

et al. 2019

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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“…Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a pregnancy- specific hormone that regulates placental development and is produced by trophoblast cells from the time of embryo implantation onwards [21,22]. The determination of hCG, produced exclusively during pregnancy also allows the interpretation of the presence of abnormal pregnancies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Material Serum Screening in Early Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Anomalies

Albu¹,

Cilievici²,

Albu³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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It was performed a case-control study, that included totally 187 pregnant women hospitalized in Obstetrical-Gynecology Department of Prof. Dr. Panait Sarbu Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. The selection criteria for case sample were: age over 30 years, history of malformative risk, clinical exam that emphasised malformations and ultrasound examination that suspicioned embrio-fetal morphological abnormalities. We determined the serum levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and unconjugated estriol (uE3), by immunoenzymometry. As statistical analysis we determined the estimated median value. For each of the three parametres, the final curve was compared with the value obtained by spectrophotometry. The study revealed the predictive value of correlated use of these three parameters, together with ultrasound examination and cytogenetic investigations, in order to early prenatal diagnosis of congenital fetal anomalies.

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“…Numerous epidemiological studies have found that NVP is more common when gestating a female fetus [ 51 – 53 ], and this finding was replicated in the current study. Several studies have also reported that maternal experience of NVP [ 53 ] and increased hCG concentrations during pregnancy [ 54 ] influence growth rates in female but not male fetuses. The mechanisms by which biological sex may impart vulnerability or protection on the fetal nervous system remain largely unknown [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder is related to the frequency and severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: a retrospective case-control study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundNausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is thought to be caused by changes in maternal hormones during pregnancy. Differences in hormone exposure during prenatal life have been implicated in the causal pathways for some cases of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, no study has investigated whether the presence and severity of NVP may be related to symptom severity in offspring with ASD.MethodsA large sample of children with ASD (227 males and 60 females, aged 2 to 18 years) received a clinical assessment, during which parents completed questionnaires regarding their child’s social (Social Responsiveness Scale, SRS) and communication (Children’s Communication Checklist–2nd edition, CCC-2) symptoms. Parents also reported on a 5-point scale the frequency and severity of NVPs during the pregnancy of the child being assessed: (1) no NVP during the pregnancy, (2) occasional nausea, but no vomiting, (3) daily nausea, but no vomiting, (4) occasional vomiting, with or without nausea, and (5) daily nausea and vomiting.ResultsImpairments in social responsiveness in offspring, as indexed by SRS total score, significantly increased as a function of the frequency and severity of their mothers’ NVP, as did the level of language difficulties as indexed by the Global Communication Composite of the CCC-2.ConclusionsThe strong, positive association between increasing frequency and severity of NVP and ASD severity in offspring provides further evidence that exposure to an atypical hormonal environment during prenatal life may affect neurodevelopment and contribute to the ASD phenotype. Given that the measure of NVP symptoms in the current study was based on retrospective recall, replication of this finding is required before strong conclusions can be drawn.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-018-0223-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations during the late first trimester are associated with fetal growth in a fetal sex-specific manner

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Human chorionic gonadotropin and risk of pre‐eclampsia: prospective population‐based cohort study

Human chorionic gonadotropin and risk of pre‐eclampsia: prospective population‐based cohort study

Impact of Material Serum Screening in Early Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Anomalies

Symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder is related to the frequency and severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: a retrospective case-control study

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