Human chorionic gonadotropin regulates gastric emptying in ovariectomized rats

Seow, Kok-Min; Lee, Jyun-Lin; Doong, Ming-Luen; Huang, Sheng‐Chieh; Hwang, Jiann-Loung; Huang, Wei-Chao; Chang, Full‐Young; Ho, ­Low‐Tone; Juan, Chi Chang

doi:10.1530/joe-12-0421

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…By virtue of the higher placental- and birth weights observed, the NVP and NP women have most likely experienced a higher plasma volume expansion than the SF group [ 50 ], increasing their susceptibility to a delayed reset. Furthermore, abnormal levels of both relaxin and hCG have been implicated with gastrointestinal motility and gastric dysrhythmias, which are factors suggested to contribute to NVP [ 1 , 4 , 13 , 44 , 51 ], although with an absence of biomarker data in this study these associations are speculative. The hCG-relaxin dialogue hints at the complex role these hormones have in early pregnancy and future NVP research should consider both hormones when designing studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Both hormones feature prominently during the first weeks of pregnancy and act in tandem, appropriately raising suspicion as to their contribution to NVP [ 42 ]. Currently, hCG is primarily suspected of being responsible for NVP, as the timing of release correlates with the onset of symptoms [ 3 , 43 , 44 ], although relaxin’s timing is near identical [ 42 ]. It is noteworthy that low relaxin levels have been implicated in hypertension and preeclampsia by affecting endothelial vasodilation, and relaxin as a treatment for preeclampsia is currently under research [ 37 , 42 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes among women experiencing nausea only or nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Chortatos

Haugen

Iversen

et al. 2015

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundTo compare pregnancy complications and birth outcomes for women experiencing nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, or nausea only, with symptom-free women.MethodsPregnancies from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (n = 51 675), a population-based prospective cohort study, were examined. Data on nausea and/or vomiting during gestation and birth outcomes were collected from three questionnaires answered between gestation weeks 15 and 30, and linked with data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Chi-squared tests, one way analysis of variance, multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were used.ResultsWomen with nausea and vomiting (NVP) totalled 17 070 (33 %), while 20 371 (39 %) experienced nausea only (NP), and 14 234 (28 %) were symptom-free (SF). When compared to SF women, NVP and NP women had significantly increased odds for pelvic girdle pain (adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 2.26, 95 % confidence interval, 95 % CI, 2.09–2.43, and aOR 1.90, 95 % CI, 1.76–2.05, respectively) and proteinuria (aOR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.38–1.63, and 1.20, 95 % CI 1.10–1.31, respectively). Women with NVP also had significantly increased odds for high blood pressure (aOR 1.40, 95 % CI 1.17–1.67) and preeclampsia (aOR 1.13, 95 % CI 1.01–1.27). Conversely, the NVP and NP groups had significantly reduced odds for unfavourable birth outcomes such as low birth weight infants (aOR 0.72, 95 % CI 0.60–0.88, and aOR 0.73, 95 % CI 0.60–0.88, respectively) and small for gestational age infants (aOR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.73–0.84, and aOR 0.87, 95 % CI 0.81–0.93, respectively).ConclusionsWe found that women with NVP and NP are more likely to develop pregnancy complications, yet they display mostly favourable delivery and birth outcomes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-015-0580-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes among women experiencing nausea only or nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Chortatos

Haugen

Iversen

et al. 2015

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…Impaired gastric function leads to impaired gastric accommodation resulting in antral overload manifesting in postprandial fullness and early satiety 22 . During pregnancy, levels of hormones such as oestrogen, progesterone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), relaxin and motilin change dramatically from baseline and have been shown to affect gastric motor function 23–27 . Patients with pre‐existing FD, especially PDS, may be adversely affected.…”

Section: The Interactions Between Pregnancy and Functional Dyspepsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: Functional dyspepsia and pregnancy—Effects and management in a special population

Liu

Starkey

Virani

et al. 2023

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Background: Around 10% of Americans meet the Rome IV criteria for functional dyspepsia (FD), with a significantly higher rate in women. FD also has a higher prevalence in women below the age of 50, suggesting that women who are affected are likely to be of reproductive age. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research or evidence-based guidelines on managing FD in pregnancy. Aims and Methods:To address this issue, we aimed to perform a systematic review of the interactions between FD and pregnancy and managing pre-existing FD in the peripartum and post-partum phases using current lifestyle, pharmacological, nonpharmacological and alternative medicine interventions. Results: Due to the lack of Rome IV FD-specific data in pregnancy, we instead performed a narrative review on how existing FD interventions could be extrapolated to the pregnant population. Where possible we use the highest level of available evidence or official guidelines to answer these questions, which often involves synthesising treatment and safety evidence of these interventions in other diseases during pregnancy. Finally, we highlight current substantial knowledge gaps requiring further research for the safe management of a pregnant patient with pre-existing FD. Conclusions: Overall, despite the paucity of knowledge of treating FD during pregnancy, providers can mitigate this uncertainty by planning ahead with the patient. Patients should ideally minimise treatment until after breastfeeding. However, interdisciplinary resources are available to ensure that minimal-risk interventions are maximised, while interventions with more risks, if necessary, are justifiable by both the patient and the care team. Future investigations should continue to elicit the mechanistic relationship between FD and pregnancy while cautiously expanding prospective research on promising and safe therapies in pregnant patients with preexisting FD.

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“…Several studies have shown that patients with hyperemesis gravidarum have higher hCG levels. In addition, hCG levels are associated with the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum 20 . Human Chorionic Gonadotropin causes hyperemesis gravidarum by affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract or by stimulating thyroid function because hCG has a structure similar to TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) 21 .…”

Section: Disscussionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Maternal Age under 20 Years: A Cross Sectional Study

Munawaroh

Pratiwi²,

Soetrisno³

2022

PLACENTUM J. Ilmiah Kes. Apl.

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Background: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are common. When this happens excessively and interferes with activities, it is also called hyperemesis gravidarum. This situation can be detrimental to the mother and fetus, such as nutritional deficiencies, dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, weight loss during pregnancy, and an increased risk of childbirth, premature birth, and low birth weight. Many factors can cause the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum, one of which is the age of the mother under 20 years. This study aims to determine the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum with maternal age under 20 years.Method: a cross-sectional study with a fixed disease sampling method. Subjects were divided into two groups, there were 50 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and 50 pregnant women without hyperemesis gravidarum. This research was conducted in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. The independent variable being the mother's age under 20 years old and the dependent variable being hyperemesis gravidarum. The Fisher's Exact test was used to evaluate the data in SPSS. The participants in this study were 100 pregnant women,Result:12 of whom were under 20 and 88 of whom were between 20 and 35. The Fischer's Exact test yielded a p-value of 0.03, indicating that maternal age < 20 was related to hyperemesis gravidarum. Hyperemesis gravidarum is more common and has a higher risk in pregnant women under the age of 20.Conclusion: There is a link between maternal age and the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum among women under the age of 20.

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Human chorionic gonadotropin regulates gastric emptying in ovariectomized rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes among women experiencing nausea only or nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Pregnancy complications and birth outcomes among women experiencing nausea only or nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Review article: Functional dyspepsia and pregnancy—Effects and management in a special population

Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Maternal Age under 20 Years: A Cross Sectional Study

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