Human Corpus Callosum: A Stable Mathematical Model of Regional Neuroanatomy

Cowell, Patricia E.; Allen, LS; Zalatimo, Nadia; Denenberg, Victor H.

doi:10.1006/brcg.1994.1022

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…In the first study using the 99 widths methodology, a seven-factor solution was identified in a sample of healthy adults (Cowell et al, 1994). This factor solution was highly congruent with a second sample of patients who underwent MRI to rule-out structural brain abnormalities.…”

Section: Morphology Of the Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In contrast to geometric subdivisions, Cowell and colleagues (Cowell et al, 1994) developed a methodology in which the CC is divided into regions according to a factor analysis of local CC measures. This methodology derived 99 callosal widths based on an algorithm that divided the dorsal and ventral CC perimeters each into 100 equidistant points and connected the correspondingly numbered points between the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the CC.…”

Section: Morphology Of the Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional atrophy of the corpus callosum in dementia

Hallam

Brown

Ross

et al. 2008

J Inter Neuropsych Soc

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The regional distribution of degeneration of the corpus callosum (CC) in dementia is not yet clear. This study compared regional CC size in participants (n 5 179) from the Cache County Memory and Aging Study. Participants represented a range of cognitive function: Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), mild ambiguous (MA-cognitive problems, but not severe enough for diagnosis of dementia), and healthy older adults. CC outlines obtained from midsagittal magnetic resonance images were divided into 99 equally spaced widths. Factor analysis of these callosal widths identified 10 callosal regions. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant group differences for anterior and posterior callosal regions. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons of CC regions in patient groups as compared to the control group (controlling for age) revealed trends toward smaller anterior and posterior regions, but not all were statistically significant. As compared to controls, significantly smaller anterior and posterior CC regions were found in the AD group; significantly smaller anterior CC regions in the VaD group; but no significant CC regional differences in the MA group. Findings suggest that dementia-related CC atrophy occurs primarily in the anterior and posterior portions. (JINS, 2008, 14, 414-423.)

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Section: Morphology Of the Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Morphology Of the Corpus Callosummentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional atrophy of the corpus callosum in dementia

Hallam

Brown

Ross

et al. 2008

J Inter Neuropsych Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…but was based on the principles described by Denenberg et al 13 This The stability of the factor structure has been replicated within and between laboratories. 17,18 Sixteen-bit raw image files were created for each DTI dataset and corrected for eddy current artifacts and subject motion by using a proprietary motion-correction tool (PRIDE, Philips Healthcare). The software uses affine transformations to register the images, which preserves both colinearity (points in a straight line remain in a straight line) and distance ratios.…”

Section: Mr Imaging and Postprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus Callosum Morphology and Microstructure Assessed Using Structural MR Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Initial Findings in Adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Wignall

Griffiths²,

Papadakis³

et al. 2010

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Cowell et al (30) also analysed this data set, but because no novel measurements were made, it is not included in our analysis. Cowell et al (28) and (29) were also excluded because they use the same raw data as Allen et al (4). Clarke et al (25) and Prokop et al (102) were each treated as two separate studies because two different methods were used to examine two different groups of subjects in each study.…”

Section: Selection Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Human Corpus Callosum: Myth or Reality?

Bishop

Wahłsten

1997

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

335

160

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Abstract:It has been claimed that the human corpus callosum shows sex differences, and in particular that the splenium (the posterior portion) is larger in women than in men. Data collected before 1910 from cadavers indicate that, on average, males have larger brains than females and that the average size of their corpus callosum is larger. A meta-analysis of 49 studies published since 1980 reveals no significant sex difference in the size or shape of the splenium of the corpus callosum, whether or not an appropriate adjustment is made for brain size using analysis of covariance or linear regression. It is argued that a simple ratio of corpus callosum size to whole brain size is not an appropriate way to analyse the data and can create a false impression of a sex difference in the corpus callosum. The recent studies, most of which used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confirm the earlier findings of larger average brain size and overall corpus callosum size for males. The widespread belief that women have a larger splenium than men and consequently think differently is untenable. Causes of and means to avoid such a false impression in future research are discussed. Keywords: allometry, brain size, effect size, literature review, meta-analysis, morphometry, ratio measures, statistical power Article:IF men and women think differently, their brains must also differ in some way. This holds true, even if the difference emanates largely from experience, because experience changes the brain (39,114). The size of cognitive gender differences has never been very large (58,69), and the difference has almost vanished for several abilities in more recently published reports (47,70). Of course, not all measures of behavior show small sex differences. For example, in the USA, boys possess considerably more knowledge about electronics, automobiles and machinery (58). Among 21 indicators of sexual behavior and sexuality, two (attitude towards casual intercourse and incidence of masturbation) exhibit male-female differences greater than 0.8 standard deviation (95), which is the conventional criterion for a large group difference in psychological research (27), although most (18 out of 21) show differences less than 0.5 standard deviation (SD). However, on tests of cognitive abilities, sex differences are usually small (58). In a review of 287 effect sizes for spatial visualization abilities (118), the average sex difference was 0.37 SD and only one kind of test (mental rotation) met the criterion for even a moderate effect size. For 254 effect sizes involving mathematical performance in 100 published studies, the male average exceeded the female average by only 0.2 SD, but for studies in which the samples were drawn from the general population, females scored slightly better than males (70). Given such small cognitive gender differences, it seems likely that only the most sensitive and refined neurological techniques will be able to locate the relevant difference in brain tissue.Neuroanatomists have scrutinized thousands of pre...

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Human Corpus Callosum: A Stable Mathematical Model of Regional Neuroanatomy

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Regional atrophy of the corpus callosum in dementia

Regional atrophy of the corpus callosum in dementia

Corpus Callosum Morphology and Microstructure Assessed Using Structural MR Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Initial Findings in Adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Sex Differences in the Human Corpus Callosum: Myth or Reality?

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