Human Cultural Evolution: Postmodernity as Rational Global Diversity

Abstract

This paper proposes that human culture has evolved from authoritative local premodernity through rational local modernity to the coming rational global postmodernity with diverse cultural types. Premodernity, modernity, and postmodernity are the cultural adaptations to the drastic social changes from the Agricultural, Industrial, and Information Revolutions. The cultural types analogous to biological species are the nine cultural types derived from the instinctive cultural type model based on the instinctive sociality trichotomy (individualistic, collectivistic, and interdependent) and the instinctive worldview trichotomy (territorial, connective, and competitive). Western culture originated from the Middle East and Greece has competitive worldview, while Eastern culture originated from India and China has connective worldview. Different cultural types have different perceptions, moralities, religions, politics, and economies. Currently, the world is the chaotic diverse global society where the cultural types clash. The coming postmodernity as rational global diversity is produced by the three rational global diverse systems. The rational global diverse system for the coming postmodern international politics is the three-tier international politics consisting of nations with geopolitical boundaries, the 12 regional communities with cultural-geographic boundaries, and the global international organizations without boundary. The rational global diverse system for the coming postmodern international trade is the trichotomic international trade containing free competitive, free connective, and fair protectionist international trades. The rational global diverse system for the coming postmodern common ground between religion and science is the cultural theology of trinity consisting of the transcendental, immanent, and imaginary cultural origins. The coming postmodernity as rational global diversity will bring rational order and peace among global diverse cultural types.

The Big Five Social System Traits as the Source of Personality Traits, MBTI, Social Styles, Personality Disorders, and Cultures

“…As described previously, the human cultural evolution in terms of authoritative legitimacy and rational legitimacy is through premodernity, modernity, and post modernity [4]. For animals and premodern humans, the source of legitimacy is authoritative legitimacy to follow tradition under homogeneous environment.…”

“…The two most important individualistic-collectivistic connective religions are Hinduism and Confucianism [4]. The rulers in China and India were mostly For the political systems in the East [4], the individualistic-collectivistic connective concrete political system is individualistic-collectivistic meritocracy.…”

“…Experience Personality Traits The issue of legitimacy social system traits in terms of the justification of valid social system is social uniformity under the conditions of homogeneity and pluralism [4]. In homogeneous social system, typically, authoritative legitimacy legitimizes social system through authoritative tradition without questioning the legitimacy of authoritative tradition.…”

“…The rulers in China and India were mostly For the political systems in the East [4], the individualistic-collectivistic connective concrete political system is individualistic-collectivistic meritocracy.…”

“…This paper proposes that the big five personality traits are derived from the big five social system traits. This paper proposes that the big five social system traits also produce personality types in the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) [7], social styles in the social style model [8], personality disorders in the DSM-5 (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) [9] [10] and cultures (religious, political, and economic systems) [4]. Section 2 describes the big five social system traits which produce the big five personality traits, the MBTI, the social style model, and personality disorders.…”