Human ehrlichioses in Brazil: first suspect cases

Calic, Simone Berger; Galvão, Márcio Antônio Moreira; Bacellar, Fátima; Rocha, Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães da; Mafra, Cláudio; Leite, Romário Cerqueira; Walker, David H.

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702004000300011

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, the present work showed for the first time the detection of E. chaffeensis in a carnivorous bird. While knowledge about the epidemiology of this zoonotic agent in Brazil lies in its molecular detection in Brazilian marsh deer (Machado et al 2006), and serological detection among dogs and humans (Calic et al 2004;Costa et al 2005), our study highlights the participation of birds in the dispersal of this pathogen, and the possibility of the establishment of new foci of infection among animals and humans. In Slovakia, an Ehrlichia-like species ''Schotti variant'' was detected in a nymph from the song thrush (Turdus philomelos) (Spitalská et al 2006).…”

Section: Anaplasmataceae In Wild Birds In Brazil 707mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In Brazil, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum have been detected in Brazilian marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) (Machado et al 2006) and dogs (Santos et al 2011), respectively. Regarding the occurrence of ehrlichiosis among humans in Brazil, only serological studies have been reported (Calic et al 2004;Costa et al 2005). Among wildlife in Brazil, Ehrlichia spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Migratory and Carnivorous Birds in Brazil: Reservoirs forAnaplasmaandEhrlichiaSpecies?

Machado

André

Werther

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to investigate new hosts for Anaplasmataceae agents in Brazil, we collected blood samples from 21 wild birds. Using molecular techniques, we detected the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and an Ehrlichia species closely related to Ehrlichia canis in carnivorous avian blood samples. In addition, an Ehrlichia species closely related to an Ehrlichia species found in wild felines in Brazil was also detected in a goose blood sample. Wild birds may play a role as carriers of Anaplasmataceae agents in Brazil.

show abstract

Section: Anaplasmataceae In Wild Birds In Brazil 707mentioning

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Migratory and Carnivorous Birds in Brazil: Reservoirs forAnaplasmaandEhrlichiaSpecies?

Machado

André

Werther

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Missing information regarding E. chaffeensis infections seems to the rule in Brazil where the first suspected human cases were just recently published by Calic et al (2004). Additional human cases were also described thereafter (Costa 2004) but the only previously published serosurvey carried out in Brazil on E. chaffeensis infection found null seroprevalence among humans but not in dogs from that very same region .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia typhi, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis among healthy population in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Costa

Brigatte

Greco

2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rickettsial diseases except those belonging to spotted fever group rickettsioses are poorly studied in South America particularly in Brazil where few epidemiological reports have been published. We describe a serosurvey for Rickettsia rickettsii, R. typhi, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, B. quintana, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in 437 healthy people from a Brazilian rural community. The serum samples were tested by indirected micro-immunoflourescence technique and a cutoff titer of 1:64 was used. The seroprevalence rates for R. rickettsii, R. typhi, C. burnetii, B. henselae, B. quintana, and E. chaffeensis were respectively 1.6% (7 samples (WHO 1993, Rozental et al. 2002, Walker 2004a. Until recently the rickettsiales order comprised the genus Rickettsia, Coxiella, Bartonella, Orientia, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia (Raoult & Roux 1997) and despite of the resulting withdraw of some of them from this order especially due to 16S rRNA studies, they all can be functionally considered rickettsial agents (Raoult & Roux 1997, Walker 2004b.Most of the available publications of Brazilian rickettsial infections have focused on spotted fever group rickettsioses especially R. rickettsii infections (Lemos et al. 1994, Del Guercio et al. 1997, Rozental et al. 2002, Galvão et al. 2003. This issue has been extensively reviewed recently by Galvão (2004). Despite of the fact that new rickettsial agents have been described more recently in Brazil (Oliveira et al. 2002), the whole scenario of rickettsial infections still have black holes reinforcing the nonexistence concept for such infections in this part of the world.The Piau county as well as the southern part of the state of Minas Gerais had been considered free of any rickettsial diseases until 1994 when a family cluster of Brazilian spotted fever was reported (Hallack et al. 1996). Thereafter reports of Brazilian spotted fever have been Given these above mentioned facts and the much-appropriated local ecologic conditions for rickettsial infections we choose this particular region for studying the seroprevalence rates for R. typhi, C. burnetii, B. henselae, B. quintana, and E. chaffeensis as well as R. rickettsii infections among healthy individuals from a Brazilian rural community. MATERIALS AND METHODSSerum samples from 437 healthy individuals of both sexes aged from 5 to 92 years old, living in the county of Piau, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil were tested for the presence of R. rickettsii, R. typhi, C. burnetii phase I and phase II, B. henselae, B. quintana, and E. chaffeensis IgG and IgM antibodies. This county (Fig. 1), located at latitude 21º30'34''S and longitude 43º19'25''W, has 3008 inhabitants, 58% of them living in the small village and the remainders scattered throughout the county, mostly in small farms. The local economics is somehow linked to cattle farming and the entire population has continuous contact with several domestic animals. Tick attack history is widespread affecting roughly 100% of the population. From March to April 2001, health officials offe...

show abstract

“…In South America a few cases of human erlichiosis are described due to E. canis and E. chaffeensis in Venezuela (PEREZ et al, 2006); and serologic evidence of human erlichiosis is found in Chile and Argentina (RIPOLL et al, 1999;LÓPEZ et al, 2003). In Brazil, suspected cases of human were demonstrated with clinical and laboratory findings and with positive serology for human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) by Calic et al (2004). However, Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) is the most common form of human Rickettsia infection in our country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic evidence of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses from central West Brazil

Salvagni

Dagnone

Gomes³

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by gram-negative and intracellular obligatory bacterial organisms. Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis - EGA (formerly Equine Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, EGE) is a seasonal disease, normally self-limited in horses. There are few reports in Brazil about this ehrlichial agent, as well as its natural vectors. Nowadays, veterinarians are considering the suspicion of EGA in horses with suggestive symptoms of ehrlichiosis and which do not respond to piroplasmosis treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify horses exposed to the agent A. phagocytophilum by serological and molecular techniques. Twenty equine blood and serum samples from the central West region of Brazil were evaluated by microscopic examination of buffy coat smear, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). Additionally, the serodiagnosis of Theileria equi by IFA and ELISA were carried out, as well as molecular diagnosis by nPCR. Thirteen (65%) serum samples were positive for A. phagocytophilum by ELISA, but none of them were positive by buffy-coat smear examination or nPCR. Antibodies IgG anti-T. equi were detected in 18 (90%) and 17 (85%) horses by IFA and ELISA, respectively and the agent was detected in 9 (45%) animals by nPCR. Our data may be considered as important information to understanding the occurrence of EGA and equine piroplasmosis in central West Brazil.

show abstract

Human ehrlichioses in Brazil: first suspect cases

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

Migratory and Carnivorous Birds in Brazil: Reservoirs forAnaplasmaandEhrlichiaSpecies?

Migratory and Carnivorous Birds in Brazil: Reservoirs forAnaplasmaandEhrlichiaSpecies?

Antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia typhi, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis among healthy population in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Serologic evidence of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses from central West Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About