Human embryonic stem cells: emerging technologies and practical applications

Fenno, Lief E.; Ptaszek, Leon M.; Cowan, Chad A.

doi:10.1016/j.gde.2008.06.004

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Deriving MSCs from hESCs before specific differentiation has the advantage of producing a source of multipotent progenitor cells, which then can be expanded and differentiated into specific lineages, such as bone, cartilage, or fat. 49,50 This strategy can potentially yield a great amount of progenitor cells to regenerate skeletal defects. Therefore, the present study differentiated hESCs into hMSCs before osteogenic differentiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding on Calcium Phosphate Cement-Chitosan-RGD Scaffold for Bone Repair

Chen

Zhou

Weir

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has in situ-setting ability and excellent osteoconductivity. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are exciting for regenerative medicine due to their strong proliferative ability and multilineage differentiation capability. However, there has been no report on hESC seeding with CPC. The objectives of this study were to obtain hESC-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hESCd-MSCs), and to investigate hESCd-MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation on novel CPC with chitosan immobilized with RGD (CPC-chitosan-RGD). RGD was covalently bonded with chitosan, which was then incorporated into CPC. The CPC-chitosan-RGD scaffold had higher strength and toughness than CPC-chitosan control without RGD ( p < 0.05). hESCs were cultured to form embryoid bodies (EBs), and the MSCs were then migrated out of the EBs. Flow cytometry indicated that the hESCd-MSCs expressed typical surface antigen profile of MSCs. hESCd-MSCs had good viability when seeded on CPC scaffolds. The percentage of live cells and the cell density were significantly higher on CPC-chitosan-RGD than CPC-chitosan control. Scanning electron microscope examination showed hESCd-MSCs with a healthy spreading morphology adherent to CPC. hESCd-MSCs expressed high levels of osteogenic markers, including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, collagen I, and Runx2. The mineral synthesis by the hESCd-MSCs on the CPC-chitosan-RGD scaffold was twice that for CPC-chitosan control. In conclusion, hESCs were successfully seeded on CPC scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The hESCd-MSCs had good viability and osteogenic differentiation on the novel CPC-chitosan-RGD scaffold. RGD incorporation improved the strength and toughness of CPC, and greatly enhanced the hESCd-MSC attachment, proliferation, and bone mineral synthesis. Therefore, the hESCd-MSC-seeded CPC-chitosan-RGD construct is promising to improve bone regeneration in orthopedic and craniofacial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding on Calcium Phosphate Cement-Chitosan-RGD Scaffold for Bone Repair

Chen

Zhou

Weir

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…Potential advantages of hESCs over cell sources such as BMSCs and other adult stem cells for regenerating bone in vivo are their unlimited growth and differentiation potential, accessibility, and a lack of donor site morbidity (Carpenter et al, 2003;Fenno et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion and Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Osteoblast-Like Cells

Arpornmaeklong

Wang

Pressler

et al. 2010

Cellular Reprogramming

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Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the potential to serve as a repository of cells for the replacement of damaged or diseased tissues and organs. However, to use hESCs in clinically relevant scenarios, a large number of cells are likely to be required. The aim of this study was to demonstrate an alternative cell culture method to increase the quantity of osteoblast-like cells directly derived from hESCs (hESCs-OS). Undifferentiated hESCs were directly cultivated and serially passaged in osteogenic medium (hESC-OS), and exhibited similar expression patterns of osteoblast-related genes to osteoblast-like cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells derived from hESCs (hESCs-MSCs-OS) and human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs-OS). In comparison to hESCs-MSCs-OS, the hESCs-OS required a shorter expansion time to generate a homogenous population of osteoblast-like cells that did not contain contaminating undifferentiated hESCs. Identification of human specific nuclear antigen (HuNu) in the newly formed bone in calvarial defects verified the role of the transplanted hESCs-OS as active bone forming cells in vivo. Taken together, this study suggests that osteoblast-like cells directly derived from hESCs have the potential to serve as an alternative source of osteoprogenitors for bone tissue engineering strategies.

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“…Dev. 56: [481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490][491][492][493][494] 2010) luripotent stem cells are widely recognized as critical to the success of certain cutting-edge medical technologies, such as cell replacement, organ regeneration, tissue engineering, and rejuvenation therapy [1][2][3]. However, the potential clinical practicability of stem-cell-based techniques is limited by the absolute requirement for patient-stem cell histocompatibility or patient acquisition of immune tolerance [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Derivation of Histocompatible Stem Cells from Ovarian Tissue

2010

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Abstract. Somatic cell nuclear transfer, the first established technique for producing patient-specific autologous stem cells, inevitably requires the sacrifice of viable embryos. To circumvent the serious ethical issues associated with this use of embryos, researchers have developed several alternative methods for the production of histocompatible stem cells. In our research, we have used two methods to derive histocompatible stem cells from murine ovarian tissue. First, we have established autologous stem cells by culturing degeneration-fated preantral follicles to produce developmentally competent, mature oocytes and then parthenogenetically activating these mature oocytes to acquire genetic homogeneity. Second, we have used cell-to-cell interactions to derive stem cells from ovarian stromal cells without undertaking genetic modification. We have successfully derived autologous murine stem cells by manipulating primary and early secondary follicles in vitro, and this method has proved successful even for follicles retrieved from aged ovaries. Furthermore, we believe that it will be possible to isolate stem cells directly from nongermline ovarian tissue or to derive stem cells by culturing the ovarian cells with other somatic cells. If achieved, these aims will greatly advance the development of induced pluripotent stem cell technology, as well as tissue-specific stem cell research. In this review, we introduce the relevant technologies for establishing histocompatible stem cells from ovarian tissue cells without undertaking genetic manipulation and review the current limitations of, and future research directions in, stem cell biology. Key words: Autologous, Ovarian cells, Parthenogenesis, Preantral follicle, Stem cell (J. Reprod. Dev. 56: [481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490][491][492][493][494] 2010) luripotent stem cells are widely recognized as critical to the success of certain cutting-edge medical technologies, such as cell replacement, organ regeneration, tissue engineering, and rejuvenation therapy [1][2][3]. However, the potential clinical practicability of stem-cell-based techniques is limited by the absolute requirement for patient-stem cell histocompatibility or patient acquisition of immune tolerance [4]. Another obstacle to the use of stem cells is the current lack of effective techniques for regulating cell-to-cell interactions and for inducing target differentiation of stem cells. The future success of tissue regeneration therapies will also depend on the optimization of stem-cell transplantation techniques and the development of strategies for inducing transplanted stem cells to resume their normal functions. In addition, all stem cell-based procedures must be carried out in an ethically acceptable manner.Efforts to develop stem-cell-based techniques such as those described above have been extensive. In our research, we have consistently attempted to develop novel methodologies for the establishment of histocompatible stem cells. At a very early stage in stem cell research, a ...

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Human embryonic stem cells: emerging technologies and practical applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding on Calcium Phosphate Cement-Chitosan-RGD Scaffold for Bone Repair

Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding on Calcium Phosphate Cement-Chitosan-RGD Scaffold for Bone Repair

Expansion and Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Osteoblast-Like Cells

Derivation of Histocompatible Stem Cells from Ovarian Tissue

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