Human Eye-Head Gaze Shifts in a Distractor Task. I. Truncated Gaze Shifts

Hing, Christine A.; Bautista, Dorothy V.; Munoz, Douglas P.

doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.3.1390

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This stands at odds with some behavioral studies (Goossens and Van Opstal, 1997; Corneil et al, 1999) reporting that closely-spaced, voluntary movements can exhibit metrics that appear to correctly compensate for prior movements. It might be tempting to attribute these contradictions to a methodological flaw in the microstimulation technique, but that seems unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Saccade trajectories evoked by sequential and colliding stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus

Noto¹,

Gnadt²

2009

Brain Research

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Using microstimulation we employed explicit experimental control of activity in the superior colliculus at two sites within the motor map. We compared saccade metrics and dynamics evoked at each site independently with those caused by sequential presentation and collisions of the two stimulation trains. Essentially, we forced controlled spatio-temporal patterns of activity into the saccade control circuit with various timing relationships from known sites within the collicular motor map, thus revealing the spatio-temporal transformation from superior colliculus to eye movement dynamics under experimentally controlled conditions. We extend prior findings about decreasing time intervals between sequential presentations of stimulations to include mid-flight combinations and dynamic modifications of trajectory. We explore how asynchronous collisions between two movements systematically engage a normalization mechanism of movement metrics, and demonstrate how dynamic patterns of activity across the SC motor map can create mid-flight curvature of movement through the post-collicular dynamics of a displacement controller. The explicit control addresses feasibility for systems control models and provides benchmark data for experimental verification of model mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Saccade trajectories evoked by sequential and colliding stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus

Noto¹,

Gnadt²

2009

Brain Research

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“…The circuits governing the initiation of orienting head movements are more permissive than those governing gaze shifts (for review, see Corneil, 2011); head movements can be both initiated and actively stopped even though gaze remains stable. Head-only movements can be considered as a partial response of the saccadic system (Corneil and Munoz, 1999;Corneil and Elsley, 2005), paralleling small muscle twitches, finger movements, or changes in force production that are occasionally made during otherwise successfully cancelled manual movements (Osman et al, 1986;De Jong et al, 1990;Franks, 1997, 2003;McGarry et al, 2000;van Boxtel et al, 2001;Scangos and Stuphorn, 2010;Ko et al, 2012). Considering head-only movements as a type of partial response that are arrested midflight does not lessen the significance of our findings, so long as the initiation of antagonist recruitment arises from the processing of the stop signal.…”

Section: Is the Antagonist Latency An Appropriate Proxy Of Oculomotormentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and Opposing Adjustment of Movement Cancellation and Generation in an Oculomotor Countermanding Task

Cheng

Goonetilleke

2013

Journal of Neuroscience

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Adaptive adjustments of strategies help optimize behavior in a dynamic and uncertain world. Previous studies in the countermanding (or stop-signal) paradigm have detailed how reaction times (RTs) change with trial sequence, demonstrating adaptive control of movement generation. Comparatively little is known about the adaptive control of movement cancellation in the countermanding task, mainly because movement cancellation implies the absence of an outcome and estimates of movement cancellation require hundreds of trials. Here, we exploit a within-trial proxy of movement cancellation based on recordings of neck muscle activity while human subjects attempted to cancel large eye-head gaze shifts. On a subset of successfully cancelled trials where gaze remains stable, small head-only movements to the target are actively braked by a pulse of antagonist neck muscle activity. The timing of such antagonist muscle recruitment relative to the stop signal, termed the "antagonist latency," tended to decrease or increase after trials with or without a stop-signal, respectively. Over multiple time scales, fluctuations in the antagonist latency tended to be the mirror opposite of those occurring contemporaneously with RTs. These results provide new insights into the adaptive control of movement cancellation at an unprecedented resolution, suggesting it can be as prone to dynamic adjustment as movement generation. Adaptive control in the countermanding task appears to be governed by a dynamic balance between movement cancellation and generation: shifting the balance in favor of movement cancellation slows movement generation, whereas shifting the balance in favor of movement generation slows movement cancellation.

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“…The latter approach has been favored in part for its interpretation in terms of neuronal burst generators controlling head and eye velocities (Scudder et al 2002;Freedman and Sparks 1997b;Corneil et al 1999). Our model for total amplitudes is in no way inconsistent with this, if one simply judges the model on its prediction of physical response characteristics.…”

Section: An Axiomatic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with improvements in technology, it is now possible to record head and eye movements of freely moving humans (e.g., Herst et al 2001). More frequently, studies have been designed to answer a specific question, such as whether the VOR is active during saccades (Guitton and Volle 1987;Tabak et al 1996;Epelboim et al 1995) or whether the head and eyes receive separate neural control signals (Corneil et al 1999;Corneil and Munoz 1999;Ron et al 1993;Freedman and Sparks 1997b;Guitton et al 1990Guitton et al , 1992 and have not addressed the nature of the comprehensive control strategy. Neat conformance of the data to linear best-fit models on restricted ranges has also perhaps detracted from the perceived need for more comprehensive experimentation.…”

Section: Suggested Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

Hanes

McCollum

2006

Biol Cybern

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In this article results of several published studies are synthesized in order to address the neural system for the determination of eye and head movement amplitudes of horizontal eye/head gaze shifts with arbitrary initial head and eye positions. Target position, initial head position, and initial eye position span the space of physical parameters for a planned eye/head gaze saccade. The principal result is that a functional mechanism for determining the amplitudes of the component eye and head movements must use the entire space of variables. Moreover, it is shown that amplitudes cannot be determined additively by summing contributions from single variables. Many earlier models calculate amplitudes as a function of one or two variables and/or restrict consideration to best-fit linear formulae. Our analysis systematically eliminates such models as candidates for a system that can generate appropriate movements for all possible initial conditions. The results of this study are stated in terms of properties of the response system. Certain axiom sets for the intrinsic organization of the response system obey these properties. We briefly provide one example of such an axiomatic model. The results presented in this article help to characterize the actual neural system for the control of rapid eye/head gaze shifts by showing that, in order to account for behavioral data, certain physical quantities must be represented in and used by the neural system. Our theoretical analysis generates predictions and identifies gaps in the data. We suggest needed experiments.

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Human Eye-Head Gaze Shifts in a Distractor Task. I. Truncated Gaze Shifts

Cited by 31 publications

References 51 publications

Saccade trajectories evoked by sequential and colliding stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus

Saccade trajectories evoked by sequential and colliding stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus

Dynamic and Opposing Adjustment of Movement Cancellation and Generation in an Oculomotor Countermanding Task

Variables Contributing to the Coordination of Rapid Eye/Head Gaze Shifts

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