Human Factors and Safety Implications on Air Traffic Controllers and Remote Pilots for the RPAS Introduction in Controlled Airspace

Sangermano, Vittorio; Duca, Gabriella; Rocchio, Riccardo; Filippone, Edoardo

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28390-1_16

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…Further, the ATCO acceptance of the proposed concept was assessed once per ATCO after each exercise (consisting of multiple runs) using the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS) [6], with options from one ("too low") to ten ("excellent"). The CARS evaluation result shows positive acceptance with an arithmetic mean of 8.2 (n = 10; min = 6; max = 10; median = 8.5).…”

Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The situational awareness of ATCOs and RPILs was measured once per ATCO/RPIL after each run using the China Lake Situational Awareness (CLSA) scale [6] with the same options as CARS. During most runs, the situational awareness was excellent/good and no particular issues were raised, yielding an arithmetic mean of 9.0 (n = 95; min = 6; max = 10; median = 9.0).…”

Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment of perceived workload was performed once per ATCO/RPIL after each run using the Bedford Scale [6], with options ranging from ten ("unable to complete task") to one ("workload low, insignificant"). The workload was maintained at satisfactory levels for the involved participants with an arithmetic mean of 2.6 (n = 95; min = 1; max = 6 (outlier); median = 3.0).…”

Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Validation Results of a Novel Concept of Operations for RPAS Integration in TMA and at Airports

Schwoch,

Duca,

Ferraiuolo

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The paper describes the results of recent research activities carried out to investigate the safe integration of Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) into ATC controlled airspace with a focus on Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs) and airports. The research activities presented in this paper started with the definition of RPAS-specific use cases and the development of a preliminary novel Concept of Operations. This was followed by the definition and the execution of a simulation test plan for the validation of this new operational concept. The validation campaign has been carried out involving aerospace research centres in the Netherlands (Royal NLR), Germany (DLR), and Italy (CIRA), respectively. Different aspects of RPAS integration in the TMA were considered, such as latency of command & control (C2) link and voice communication link, Automatic Take-off and Landing (ATOL) operations, contingency procedures, and handover of control between two different remote pilot stations. The validation exercises were conducted using real-time human-in-the-loop simulation facilities to assess the human performance of both air traffic controllers and remote pilots. The results showed that the proposed novel concept of operations is suitable for the integration of RPAS at TMAs and airports, with 80% of the objectives fully and 20% partially achieved, and acceptable to excellent results regarding acceptance/situational awareness (8.2/9.0 out of 10 points; higher is better) and workload (2.6 out of 10 points; lower is better).

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Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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