Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antigenemia in Patients with AIDS and AIDS-Related Disorders: A Comparison Between European and Central African Populations

Baillou, Armelle; Barin, Françis; Allain, Jean‐Pierre; Petat, E.; Kocheleff, P; Kadende, P.; Goudeau, Alain

doi:10.1093/infdis/156.5.830

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It was used for comparison, as it is theoretically a less relevant antigen. Antibodies to p24 appear early during seroconversion and disappear when immunodeficiency progresses in most patients, except in Africa (3,21,27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we decided to focus on the assay that used only IDE and V3 for three reasons. First, the individual antibody response to p24 is highly variable, particularly in African patients who develop high anti-24 antibody titers that rarely disappear even during end-stage AIDS in contrast to what is commonly observed in Western countries (3,21). Second, it is much easier to work with an assay based on chemically produced oligopeptides than recombinant proteins in the long term.…”

Section: Vol 43 2005 Immunoassay For Recent Hiv-1 Infections 4445mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Validation of an Immunoassay for Identification of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections and Its Use on Dried Serum Spots

et al. 2005

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The objective was to develop and to validate an immunossay to identify recent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections that can be used on dried serum spots (DSS). A single, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to quantify antibodies toward four HIV-1 antigens: consensus peptides of the immunodominant epitope of gp41 (IDE), consensus V3 peptides, recombinant integrase, and recombinant p24. The parameters of the logistic regression used to classify the samples were estimated on a training sample (210 serum samples) using resampling techniques to get stable estimates and then applied to a validation sample (761 serum samples). The IDE and V3 peptides were the best able to discriminate between the antibodies present in serum from recently (<6 months) infected individuals and those with long-lasting infection. Combined quantification of antibody binding to these two synthetic antigens allowed us to identify recent infections with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.949 and a sensitivity of 88.3%, with a specificity of 97.6% in patients with long-term infection (but not AIDS) and 86.0% in patients suffering from AIDS with a threshold of 0.50 in the validation sample. This simple immunoassay can be used to identify recently HIV-1-infected patients. Its performance is compatible with its use in population-based studies including DSS.The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic is generally assessed by monitoring seroprevalence i.e., the proportion of persons with HIV antibodies (including recently infected people and people who were infected several years previously). To understand recent changes in the HIV epidemic, it is necessary to estimate the incidence, i.e., the number of newly infected subjects in a defined period. A strategy based on a sensitive/less sensitive testing algorithm was recently used to identify serum samples from recently infected individuals (16). This strategy that uses both a sensitive and a less-sensitive enzyme immunoassay (S/LS EIA), also called a detuned assay, was applied to various situations, providing estimates of HIV incidence (12,14,16,18,24,33,35). One of the major drawbacks of this strategy is that the test is an adaptation of a commercial EIA, which poses problems for long-term availability. It is therefore necessary to develop and to validate simple immunoassays that can continuously be used independent of any commercial source. The knowledge of the anti-HIV type 1 (anti-HIV-1) antibody response (5,8,20,38) and recent studies aimed at identifying antigens to distinguish recent infections (27, 30) allowed us to design a candidate assay to assess persons with recent infection. We report the development and the validation of this assay for the identification of recent HIV-1 infections (EIA-RI) and its application to dried blood spots.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vol 43 2005 Immunoassay For Recent Hiv-1 Infections 4445mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of an Immunoassay for Identification of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections and Its Use on Dried Serum Spots

et al. 2005

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“…Early neonatal deaths and asymptomatic children who might not otherwise be identified until an older age are included in this study population. In addition, high levels of antibody found in African sera may also decrease the sensitivity of the assay, even in the presence of immune-complex dissociation [Baillou et al, 1987;Ayehunie et al, 1992;Jackson et al, 1993]. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 ICD p24 antigen detection in Ugandan infants: Use in early diagnosis of infection and as a marker of disease progression

et al. 2000

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The objective of this study was to determine the use of immune-complex dissociated (ICD) p24 antigen detection for the diagnosis and prognosis of HIV-1 infection in Ugandan children. Plasma collected prospectively from children born to HIV-1 infected Ugandan women was stored and later analyzed for the presence of neutralizable HIV-1 p24 antigen using the Coulter ICD p24 antigen and neutralization kits. HIV-1 infection status, disease progression, and survival of the children were determined. Specimens from 311 children born to HIV-1 infected women, including 138 HIV-1 infected children, and 113 children born to negative women were tested. Sixty-nine (50%) infected children were p24 antigen positive at least once. For early HIV-1 diagnosis, the specificity and positive predictive value of the assay were consistently high (>95% and >83% respectively), but the sensitivity was low (6-53%), especially in the first months of life. The presence of p24 antigenemia in the first two years of life was associated with poor survival (20%) by 80 months of age compared with infected children without antigenemia (43%, P < 0.001). Early detection of p24 antigen (6 months, P < 0.001). The data suggest that ICD p24 antigen detection is not a sensitive method for the determination of infant HIV-1 status in our cohort of HIV-1 infected Ugandan children tested in the first two years of life. There was a strong correlation, however, between the presence and time of onset of p24 antigenemia and mortality among HIV-1 infected children.

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“…HIV isolation and quantitation with our system were thus relevant to actual in vivo HIV replication. However, R-HEV showed higher sensitivity than serum HIV antigen: the latter was not detected in one-third of individuals presenting with major disease and/or CD4 lymphopenia, as reported (34)(35)(36)(37), whereas all had a R-HEV-positive cell specimen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Productive human immunodeficiency virus infection levels correlate with AIDS-related manifestations in the patient.

Mathez¹,

Paul²,

Bélilovsky³

et al. 1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antigenemia in Patients with AIDS and AIDS-Related Disorders: A Comparison Between European and Central African Populations

Cited by 36 publications

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Development and Validation of an Immunoassay for Identification of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections and Its Use on Dried Serum Spots

Development and Validation of an Immunoassay for Identification of Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections and Its Use on Dried Serum Spots

HIV-1 ICD p24 antigen detection in Ugandan infants: Use in early diagnosis of infection and as a marker of disease progression

Productive human immunodeficiency virus infection levels correlate with AIDS-related manifestations in the patient.

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