Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Neutralizing Antibodies Raised to a Glycoprotein 41 Peptide Expressed on the Surface of a Plant Virus

McLain, Lesley; Porta, Claudine; Lomonossoff, George P.; Durrani, Zarmina; Dimmock, Nigel J.

doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.327

Cited by 101 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In contradiction to this classical model, several studies have described antibodies strongly reacting with a region situated C terminally to the membrane-spanning domain, thought to be located within the cell, in serum samples of HIV-infected patients (6,10,23,30,59). Furthermore, some groups have reported that antibodies against this region are able to modestly neutralize some strains of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 under modified conditions in vitro (3,9,15,19,25,35,36).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence against Extracellular Exposure of a Highly Immunogenic Region in the C-Terminal Domain of the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Transmembrane Protein

Postler

Martinez-Navío

Yuste

et al. 2012

J Virol

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The generally accepted model for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein topology includes a single membrane-spanning domain. An alternate model has been proposed which features multiple membrane-spanning domains. Consistent with the alternate model, a high percentage of HIV-1-infected individuals produce unusually robust antibody responses to a region of envelope, the so-called "Kennedy epitope," that in the conventional model should be in the cytoplasm. Here we show analogous, robust antibody responses in simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques to a region of SIVmac239 envelope located in the C-terminal domain, which in the conventional model should be inside the cell. Sera from SIV-infected rhesus macaques consistently reacted with overlapping oligopeptides corresponding to a region located within the cytoplasmic domain of gp41 by the generally accepted model, at intensities comparable to those observed for immunodominant areas of the surface component gp120. Rabbit serum raised against this highly immunogenic region (HIR) reacted with SIV envelope in cell surface-staining experiments, as did monoclonal anti-HIR antibodies isolated from an SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaque. However, control experiments demonstrated that this surface staining could be explained in whole or in part by the release of envelope protein from expressing cells into the supernatant and the subsequent attachment to the surfaces of cells in the culture. Serum and monoclonal antibodies directed against the HIR failed to neutralize even the highly neutralization-sensitive strain SIVmac316. Furthermore, a potential N-linked glycosylation site located close to the HIR and postulated to be outside the cell in the alternate model was not glycosylated. An artificially introduced glycosylation site within the HIR was also not utilized for glycosylation. Together, these data support the conventional model of SIV envelope as a type Ia transmembrane protein with a single membrane-spanning domain and without any extracellular loops.

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confidence: 98%

Evidence against Extracellular Exposure of a Highly Immunogenic Region in the C-Terminal Domain of the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Transmembrane Protein

Postler

Martinez-Navío

Yuste

et al. 2012

J Virol

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“…Consequently, several HIV antigens have already been expressed in plants, the most common being the envelope protein (Env), alone or in combination (17,25,27,31,39,40). Two groups have expressed a full-length Tat, but in one case, using potato, they did not report immunogenicity studies (19), and in the other case, using spinach (18), oral immunization with plant-based Tat did not induce antibody production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit-Specific Expression of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Gene in Tomato Plants and Its Immunogenic Potential in Mice

Ramírez

Tasciotti

Gutiérrez-Ortega

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein is considered a potential candidate vaccine antigen. In an effort to design a strategy for noninvasive vaccination against HIV-1, we developed transgenic tomatoes expressing the Tat protein. Two independent plants testing positive in transgene detection analysis were selected and grown to maturity. Monoclonal antibodies against Tat recognized a protein of the expected size. Interestingly, expression of Tat seemed to be toxic to the plant, as in all cases the fruit exhibited underdeveloped reproductive structures and no seeds. Nine groups of 10 pathogen-free BALB/c male mice were primed either orally, intraperitoneally, or intramuscularly with 10 mg of tomato fruit extract derived from transgenic or wild-type plants and with 10 g of Tat86 recombinant protein. Mice were immunized at days 0, 14, and 28, and given boosters after 15 weeks; sera were drawn 7 days after each booster, and the antibody titer was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All three immunization approaches induced the development of a strong anti-Tat immunological response, which increased over time. Isotype subclass determination showed the presence of mucosal (immunoglobulin A) immunity soon after the beginning of the oral immunization protocol, and the data were confirmed by the presence of anti-Tat antibodies in fecal pellets and in vaginal washes. We also demonstrated that sera from immunized mice inhibited with high efficiency recombinant Tat-dependent transactivation of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter. This neutralization activity might be relevant for the suppression of extracellular Tat activities, which play an important role in HIV disease development.

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“…Increasing knowledge of the molecular biology of plant viruses has raised the possibility of using these viruses as antigen expression systems (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Unlike conventional recombinant vaccines, which are largely derived from live-recombinant, live-attenuated, or killed pathogens (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), plant viruses are generally recognized to be nonpathogenic in humans and other animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, interest in plant viruses as a system for the expression and delivery of antigens is growing. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), cowpea mosaic virus, and tomato bushy stunt virus have been successfully used to express antigenic determinants from different human or animal pathogens (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). We have adapted alfalfa mosaic virus (AIMV) coat protein (CP) to express foreign peptides and have demonstrated that mice immunized with such engineered virus produce antibodies specific for the target antigen (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunization against rabies with plant-derived antigen

Modelska

Dietzschold

Sleysh

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

196

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We previously demonstrated that recombinant plant virus particles containing a chimeric peptide representing two rabies virus epitopes stimulate virus neutralizing antibody synthesis in immunized mice. We show here that mice immunized intraperitoneally or orally (by gastric intubation or by feeding on virus-infected spinach leaves) with engineered plant virus particles containing rabies antigen mount a local and systemic immune response. After the third dose of antigen, given intraperitoneally, 40% of the mice were protected against challenge infection with a lethal dose of rabies virus. Oral administration of the antigen stimulated serum IgG and IgA synthesis and ameliorated the clinical signs caused by intranasal infection with an attenuated rabies virus strain.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Neutralizing Antibodies Raised to a Glycoprotein 41 Peptide Expressed on the Surface of a Plant Virus

Cited by 101 publications

References 43 publications

Evidence against Extracellular Exposure of a Highly Immunogenic Region in the C-Terminal Domain of the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Transmembrane Protein

Evidence against Extracellular Exposure of a Highly Immunogenic Region in the C-Terminal Domain of the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus gp41 Transmembrane Protein

Fruit-Specific Expression of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Gene in Tomato Plants and Its Immunogenic Potential in Mice

Immunization against rabies with plant-derived antigen

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