Human Microbiome, Actinobacteria in

Wu, Chenggang

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_76-9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…In contrast, the 4 species with a higher relative abundance on the WD included Blautia hydrogenotrophica, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, uncharacterized Blautia CAG:257, and uncharacterized Actinomyces ICM7 (Q = 0.006, 5.6 ×10 −05 , 0.001, 0.02, respectively). These four species derive their source of fermentation from host-glycans, simple sugars 31,32 , or fermentation products generated by other gut microbes, mainly CO 2 33 and H 2…”

Section: Diet Modulated the Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Host-diet-gut microbiome interactions influence human energy balance: a randomized clinical trial

et al. 2023

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The gut microbiome is emerging as a key modulator of human energy balance. Prior studies in humans lacked the environmental and dietary controls and precision required to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of the gut microbiome. Using a Microbiome Enhancer Diet (MBD) designed to deliver more dietary substrates to the colon and therefore modulate the gut microbiome, we quantified microbial and host contributions to human energy balance in a controlled feeding study with a randomized crossover design in young, healthy, weight stable males and females (NCT02939703). In a metabolic ward where the environment was strictly controlled, we measured energy intake, energy expenditure, and energy output (fecal and urinary). The primary endpoint was the within-participant difference in host metabolizable energy between experimental conditions [Control, Western Diet (WD) vs. MBD]. The secondary endpoints were enteroendocrine hormones, hunger/satiety, and food intake. Here we show that, compared to the WD, the MBD leads to an additional 116 ± 56 kcals (P < 0.0001) lost in feces daily and thus, lower metabolizable energy for the host (89.5 ± 0.73%; range 84.2-96.1% on the MBD vs. 95.4 ± 0.21%; range 94.1-97.0% on the WD; P < 0.0001) without changes in energy expenditure, hunger/satiety or food intake (P > 0.05). Microbial 16S rRNA gene copy number (a surrogate of biomass) increases (P < 0.0001), beta-diversity changes (whole genome shotgun sequencing; P = 0.02), and fermentation products increase (P < 0.01) on an MBD as compared to a WD along with significant changes in the host enteroendocrine system (P < 0.0001). The substantial interindividual variability in metabolizable energy on the MBD is explained in part by fecal SCFAs and biomass. Our results reveal the complex host-diet-microbiome interplay that modulates energy balance.

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Section: Diet Modulated the Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%