Human Neonatal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Novák, Milan; Monkus, E.; Pardo, Victoriano

doi:10.1159/000240425

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It now appears that the developing white adipocyte has some properties similar to those of mammalian brown fat and markedly different from those of human adult white adipose tissue. Electron micrographs of neonatal adipose tissue show the presence of many polyvacuolar cells with larger more abundant mito chondria with a similar structure as was found in mitochondria of brown adipose tissue of rodents [20]. As previously reported, some enzymes participating in fatty acid transport (palmitoyl-carnitine transferase) are more active in newborn subcutaneous adipose tissue than in adult fat [17], There is a striking increase in mitochondrial p-hydroxyacyl-CoA activity with age [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Oxidation of Fatty Acids by Mitochondria Obtained from Newborn Subcutaneous (White) Adipose Tissue

Novák

Penn-Walker

Monkus³

1974

Neonatology

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Oxidation of fatty acids was found to be both carnitine-dependent and carnitine-independent in mitochondria obtained from human newborn subcutaneous fat. A higher affinity of microsomes than that of mitochondria for free fatty acids was indirectly demonstrated by using microsomal fractions as substrate carriers. Oxygen consumption was detected in microsomal fractions and was associated with double bond formation. This may substantially contribute to the oxygen consumption of the developing adipocyte. The mechanisms involved in fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria of developing white adipocyte of the human newborn are similar to those described for mammalian brown fat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Oxidation of Fatty Acids by Mitochondria Obtained from Newborn Subcutaneous (White) Adipose Tissue

Novák

Penn-Walker

Monkus³

1974

Neonatology

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“…First, we know nothing of the biochemical parameters of brown adipose tissue in the newborn. Histologically, it is true, it resembles white adipose tissue to some extent [15], containing a mixture of uni-and multi-vacuolar cells. On the other hand, several authors have reported that the skin area between the shoulder blades overlying interscapular brown fat is warmer than any other skin area, when newborns are cooled [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Human newborn subcutaneous adipose tissue has metabolic and struc tural characteristics that distinguish it from the same tissue in adults [15]. It consists of two different cells, univacuolar cells that are similar in ultra structure to adult white cells but smaller in size and bi-and multivacuolar cells containing abundant ovoid and rod-shaped septate mitochondria which are larger than those in the adult.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Carnitine in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue from Newborn Infants

Novák¹,

Hahn²,

Penn³

et al. 1973

Neonatology

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Carnitineacetyltransferase (CAT) and carnitinepalmitoyltransferase (CPT) and the carnitine content of white adipose tissue from human newborns and adult volunteers were estimated. The activity of CAT/mg mitochondrial protein did not change with age, while that of CPT was decreased in the adult. Carnitine content of newborn white adipose tissue was about 26 nmol/g wet weight, much lower than in other organs from human fetuses. Isolated white adipose tissue cells from newborn babies reacted to deoxycarnitine addition by a decrease in respiration; no such effect was observed in adult cells. In addition, the enhancing effect of norepinephrine on oxygen consumption of newborn cells could be further elevated by adding l-carnitine and again this was not observed in adult adipocytes.

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“…The cytoplasmic fatty acids are concentrated in the particulate compartments and the process of fatty acid esterification, i.e., the coupling of «-glycerophosphate with acyl-coenzyme A has been described to be localized mainly on the mitochondria [13,14]. The increased number and complexity of these organelles in subcutaneous fat in the human neonate [26] may be associated with the higher esterification capability of this tissue. More free fatty acids may undergo direct oxidation in neonatal subcutaneous white adipose tissue than in the same tissue in adults [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

1973

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ExtractTotal glycogen phosphorylase activity in neonatal adipose tissue is significantly increased immediately after birth (0-6 hr) and rapidly decreases to a relatively constant level. Fluoride-stimulated adenyl cyclase activity in homogenates of adipose tissue from neonates is directly correlated with the length of time from the onset of labor {y = 0.665 + 7.88*; P < 0.02). No significant differences are found between infants 1-10 hr of age and 2-A days of age. The ATP content decreases rapidly in the first hours of life and is inversely correlated with the length of time since the onset of labor (logjy = -0.657 -0.0164*; P < 0.01). The ATP content starts to increase approximately 24 hr after birth. Changes in ATP content are directly correlated with glycogen content and glycerol release from neonatal adipose tissue. SpeculationThe intensity of lipolysis in neonatal adipose tissue depends on various factors, one of the most important being an adequate energy supply. The increased glycogen content in adipose tissue immediately after birth and the rapid rate of utilization of glycogen-derived glucose appear to be major factors involved in the production of ATP required for glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and fatty acid activation during the early adaptation of the neonate to extrauterine life. Introductionof substrate stores into utilizable form. Before the neonate is capable of covering his energy requirements by The early adaptation of the fetus to extrauterine life ingestion of sufficient milk, he is dependent on his own depends mainly on conversion of the potential energy endogenous energy sources. This time may be charac-

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Human Neonatal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Oxidation of Fatty Acids by Mitochondria Obtained from Newborn Subcutaneous (White) Adipose Tissue

Oxidation of Fatty Acids by Mitochondria Obtained from Newborn Subcutaneous (White) Adipose Tissue

The Role of Carnitine in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue from Newborn Infants

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

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