Human Parturition

Turnbull, A. C.; Anderson, Anne B. M.; Flint, A. P. F.; Jeremy, Jamie Y.; Keirse, Marc J. N. C.; Mitchell, M. D.

doi:10.1002/9780470720295.ch18

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The latter promotes further neutrophil infiltration and activation, and the former stimulates PG production. PG production is increased in fetal membranes and myometrium with labour (Turnbull et al 1977, Skinner & Challis 1985 resulting in increased circulating and amniotic fluid PG levels (Sellers et al 1981, Brennecke et al 1985, Romero et al 1994. Consistent with these observations, labour is associated with increased myometrial levels of PGH synthase type-2 (PGHS-2) mRNA and protein (Mesiano et al 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

Tattersall¹,

Engineer²,

Khanjani³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

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Preterm labour (PTL) is the most important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. While some causes have been identified, the mechanisms involved remain elusive. This study investigates whether term labour (TL) is an appropriate model for PTL by examining prolabour gene expression, using quantitative rtPCR, and protein synthesis, using Western analysis, in preterm and term myometrial samples obtained from the upper and lower uterine segments before and after the onset of labour. In the lower segment, the levels of prostaglandin H synthase type-2 (PGHS-2), interleukin-1b (IL-1b), IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression were significantly higher in TL compared with PTL samples. Compared with non-labour controls, the expression of IL-1b and IL-8 mRNA was increased in both PTL and TL samples and the expression of PGHS-2 and IL-6 mRNA was increased in TL samples only. In the upper segment, there were no differences between PTL and TL samples and the mRNA expression of PGHS-2 and IL-1b was increased in TL compared with term no labour samples. No effect of PTL or TL was seen on either oxytocin receptor or connexin-43 mRNA expression or protein levels. The multiple regression analysis and studies in primary cultures of uterine myocytes suggest that the inflammatory cytokines, IL-1b and tumour necrosis factor-a, are the most important regulators of PGHS-2 and IL-8. Our data show that preterm and term labouring myometrium are significantly different and that the most marked labour-induced changes in gene expression are in the lower segment. These changes may occur in response to the release of inflammatory cytokines by the labour-associated inflammatory infiltration. Reproduction (2008) 135 569-579

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

Tattersall¹,

Engineer²,

Khanjani³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

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“…Data from animal studies demonstrate that the primary impulse for the initiation of labor arises from the fetal hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis stimulates steroid synthesis and prostaglandin production and therefore cervical dilatation and start of myometrial contractions . Relative prostaglandin deficiency has been suggested to exist in several pregnancy complications; preeclampsia, IUGR and in early pregnancies of women with a history of recurrent pregnancy losses .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy before recurrent pregnancy loss more often complicated by post‐term birth and perinatal death

Wagner

Visser

Verburg

et al. 2017

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Introduction. The cause of recurrent pregnancy loss often remains unknown. Possibly, pathophysiological pathways are shared with other pregnancy complications. Material and methods. All women with secondary recurrent pregnancy loss (SRPL) visiting Leiden University Medical Center (January 2000(January -2015 were included in this retrospective cohort to assess whether women with SRPL have a more complicated first pregnancy compared with control women. SRPL was defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 22 weeks of gestation, with a previous birth. The control group consisted of all Dutch nullipara delivering a singleton (January 2000(January -2015. Information was obtained from the Dutch Perinatal Registry. Outcomes were preeclampsia, preterm birth, post-term birth, intrauterine growth restriction, breach position, induction of labor, cesarean section, congenital abnormalities, perinatal death and severe hemorrhage in the first ongoing pregnancy. Subgroup analyses were performed for women with idiopathic SRPL and for women ≤35 years. Results. In all, 172 women with SRPL and 1 196 178 control women were included. Women with SRPL were older and had a higher body mass index; 29.7 years vs. 28.8 years and 25.1 kg/m 2 vs. 24.1 kg/m 2 , respectively. Women with SRPL more often had a post-term birth (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.10-3.17) and more perinatal deaths occurred in women with SRPL compared with the control group (OR 5.03,. Similar results were found in both subgroup analyses. Conclusions. The first ongoing pregnancy of women with (idiopathic) SRPL is more often complicated by post-term birth and perinatal death. Revealing possible links between SRPL and these pregnancy complications might lead to a better understanding of underlying pathophysiology.

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Case‐control study of hypospadias, based on registry informations

Källén

1988

Teratology

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With the aid of data in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry for infants with hypospadias and controls, a number of variables were compared. Records of infants born in 1982-1983 (188 cases and 376 matched controls) contained information on involuntary infertility, previous spontaneous and induced abortions, use of oral contraceptives or a remaining IUD at conception, smoking in early pregnancy, occupation in early pregnancy, family situation, and diagnoses given during pregnancy and at delivery, including information on caesarean section and vacuum extraction. Among all variables studied, only one group of statistically significant differences appeared: women whose sons had hypospadias more often than controls had a diagnosis of weak contractions, a higher rate of induced deliveries, and also a higher rate of caesarean sections. The finding of a higher caesarean section rate in infants with hypospadias was verified in a separate study of 1,736 hypospadic infants delivered in 1973-1981 and compared with all births in Sweden during that period. No difference in the rate of vacuum extractions was seen. This finding is interpreted as a result of an abnormality of the fetal-placental-maternal organism interaction, perhaps also disturbing the early pregnancy and increasing the risk for hypospadias.

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Human Parturition

Cited by 13 publications

References 98 publications

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

Pregnancy before recurrent pregnancy loss more often complicated by post‐term birth and perinatal death

Case‐control study of hypospadias, based on registry informations

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