Human polyomaviruses JC and BK in the urine of Brazilian children and adolescents vertically infected by HIV

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize the urinary excretion of the BK (BKV) and JC (JCV) human polyomaviruses in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and adolescents. One hundred and fifty-six patients were enrolled: Group I included 116 HIV-infected children and adolescents [median age = 11.4 years (y); range 1-22 y]; Group II included 40 non-HIV-infected healthy controls (median age = 11.37 y; range 7-16 y). Single urine samples from both groups were screened for the presence of JCV and BKV DNA by polymerase chain reaction at enrolment. The overall rate of JCV and BKV urinary excretion was found to be 24.4% and 40.4%, respectively (n = 156). Group I had urinary excretion of JCV and BKV in 27.6% and 54.3% of subjects, respectively. In contrast, Group II showed positive results for JCV in 17.5% of subjects and for BKV in 12.5% of subjects (p Pearson JCV = 0.20; p Pearson BKV < 0.0001). In Group I, there was no association between JCV/BKV shedding and age, gender or CD4 values. Patients with an HIV viral load < 50 copies/mL had a lower excretion of BKV (p < 0.001) and a trend of lower JCV excretion (p = 0.07). One patient in Group I (1/116, 0.9%) showed clinical and radiological features consistent with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, suggesting that children with HIV/polyomavirus coinfection should be kept under surveillance

High prevalence of the simultaneous excretion of polyomaviruses JC and BK in the urine of HIV-infected patients without neurological symptoms in São Paulo, Brazil

“…However a recent work published by MACHADO et al, 2011, found different rates of JCV and BKV urinary shedding in HIV+ children and non-infected children. In this study the BKV frequency was significantly higher in HIV infected patients in comparison of healthy subjects (54.3% vs. 12.5%) 33 . However the age of the participants of this study is very different from ours, it was not possible to compare the two groups.…”

Molecular detection and characterization of BK and JC polyomaviruses in urine samples of renal transplant patients in Southern Brazil

“…The results depicted here demonstrate that JCPyV and/or BKPyV DNA were more prevalent in renal transplant patients (72.8%) than in healthy individuals (53.4%). Significantly higher rates of polyomavirus infection among renal transplant patients have been previously shown by other authors, probably associated with the immunosuppressive therapy used in these patients [Machado et al, ; Rota et al, ].…”

Polyomavirus in Saliva of HIV-infected Children, Brazil

“…Machado et al investigated the urinary excretion of BKPyV and JCPyV among HIV-1–infected children and adolescents and healthy controls and demonstrated a significantly higher BKPyV viruria in HIV-infected patients. No difference was observed for JCPyV excretion, however, and no association was found between CD4 + values and viral shedding ( 3 ). Jeffers et al assessed the salivary shedding of BKPyV on a cohort of healthy and HIV-immunosuppressed persons and found that BKPyV DNA levels in the saliva were significantly higher in HIV-infected patients.…”