Human primary bronchial epithelial cells respond differently to titanium dioxide nanoparticles than the lung epithelial cell lines A549 and BEAS-2B

Abstract

We have compared the cellular uptake and responses of five preparations of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) between normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and epithelial cell lines (A549 and BEAS-2B). The P25 nanoparticles, containing both anatase and rutile modifications, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secretion of the neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8 in all three cell types used. Pure anatase and rutile particles provoked differential IL-8 response in A549 and no response in BEAS-2B cells despite similar formation of ROS. The pure TiO(2) modifications also provoked release of the inflammatory mediators: IL-6, G-CSF and VEGF, in NHBE cells but not in the two cell lines. We conclude that the responsiveness of lung epithelial cells is strongly dependent on both the physicochemical properties of TiO(2) nanoparticles and the type of responder cells. The differential pro-inflammatory responsiveness of primary lung epithelial cells compared with immortalized cell lines should be considered in the assessment of adverse reactions to inhaled nanoparticles.

Molecular responses of alveolar epithelial A549 cells to chronic exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A proteomic view

“…The different responses of different cell lines, but also of cell lines as compared to primary cells, have been largely reported. For instance a recent article shows that, among lung cell models, A549 and BEAS-2B respond differently and also respond differently from normal human primary bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) [47]. We show that the cellular response to chronic exposure to both concentrations of TiO 2 -NPs mostly consists in common elements.…”

Combined toxicity of two crystalline phases (anatase and rutile) of Titania nanoparticles towards freshwater microalgae: Chlorella sp

“…However, the differences in Ti uptake between anatase and rutile NPs were found to be statistically insignificant for 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/L with p > 0.05. Ekstrand-Hammarström et al (2012) stated that the primary agglomeration of nanoparticles determines their availability and plays a significant role in the cellular uptake. Anatase NPs were found to be agglomerated in the sterile filtered lake water as observed from the DLS stability results, which in turn reduced their bioavailability for the cellular uptake.…”

Toxic effects of the interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with chemicals or physical factors

“…Experimental factors such as agglomeration/aggregation of NPs, cell type, dispersion method, or culture medium may all affect the experiment results, 15,[88][89][90] which may inevitably cause difficulties in interpreting these results. To give the whole picture of the experiments, we summarize in detail the combined toxicities of TiO 2 and chemicals or physical factors for all available studies in Tables 1 and 2.…”