Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection among men who have sex with men in Central Brazil

Castro, Ludiele Souza; Rezende, Grazielli Rocha de; Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires; Bandeira, Larissa Melo; Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira; Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz; Weis-Torres, Sabrina Moreira dos Santos; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo; Otsuki, Koko; Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2018.11.003

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A geographic gradient has been reported in blood donors with lower prevalence in the south and rising to the north 21,35 . In the state of Bahia, an endemic area in northeastern Brazil, high rates were observed in women and in people over 50 years 27 , as well as in men who have sex with men and illicit drug users 11,36 . In this study, the predominance of HTLV-1 observed in PWUDs and NIDUs can be considered an example of the endemicity of this viral type reported in numerous Brazilian studies, and especially in the state of Pará – an endemic area in northern Brazil 22,28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 among people who used illicit drugs in the state of Pará, northern Brazil

Filho

Araújo

Souza

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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People who used illicit drugs (PWUDs) represent an important population group for acquisition and viral dispersion. In Brazil, high rates of the human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and 2 (HTLV-2) have been reported in epidemiological studies. However, the epidemiological scenario of HTLV-1/2 infections in PWUDs is still poorly understood. Thus, this cross-sectional study determined the prevalence, frequency of subtypes and factors associated with HTLV-1/2 infections among PWUDs in the Brazilian state of Pará, an area considered endemic for this virus and with poor health services. Among 826 PWUDs, 53 (6.4%) presented anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by EIA and 44 (5.3%) presented proviral DNA by PCR. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 were detected in 25 (3.0%) and 19 (2.3%) PWUDs, respectively. Subtypes 1a (25/44), transcontinental (23/44) and Japanese subgroups (2/44), 2b (6/44) and 2c (13/44) were identified. Involvement in illicit/criminal activity, daily use of illicit drugs, illicit drug use over 12 years, unprotected sex with other PWUDs, changes in genitalia (including ulcers and wounds), and more than 12 sexual partners were associated with HTLV-1/2 in PWUDs. This high prevalence and intense circulation of subtypes and subgroups of HTLV-1/2 is very worrying, and indicate the need for urgent actions for its control, prevention and treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 among people who used illicit drugs in the state of Pará, northern Brazil

Filho

Araújo

Souza

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…In urban Northern and Southern regions HTLV-1 prevailed over HTLV-2 [ 309 , 310 , 313 , 314 , 317 , 358 ]. The central region exhibited HTLV prevalence ranging from 0.02% to 1.6% [ 305 , 307 , 315 , 316 , 317 , 371 , 372 , 373 , 374 ], of which, for the Amazonian region, prevalence increased when indigenous villages were analyzed: 0.4–1.18% HTLV positivity in the city [ 375 , 376 , 377 , 378 ], whereas, in certain villages, the prevalence increased up to 13.88% [ 376 , 379 , 380 , 381 , 382 , 383 ]. In Argentina, most seroepidemiological studies were performed in the North and central regions, and an HTLV-1 endemic area was discovered in Jujuy, a North Western province.…”

Section: Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphotropic Viruses EBV, KSHV and HTLV in Latin America: Epidemiology and Associated Malignancies. A Literature-Based Study by the RIAL-CYTED

Chabay

Lens

Hassan

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) are lymphomagenic viruses with region-specific induced morbidity. The RIAL-CYTED aims to increase the knowledge of lymphoma in Latin America (LA), and, as such, we systematically analyzed the literature to better understand our risk for virus-induced lymphoma. We observed that high endemicity regions for certain lymphomas, e.g., Mexico and Peru, have a high incidence of EBV-positive lymphomas of T/NK cell origin. Peru also carries the highest frequency of EBV-positive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (NOS), than any other LA country. Adult T cell lymphoma is endemic to the North of Brazil and Chile. While only few cases of KSHV-positive lymphomas were found, in spite of the close correlation of Kaposi sarcoma and the prevalence of pathogenic types of KSHV. Both EBV-associated HL and Burkitt lymphoma mainly affect young children, unlike in developed countries, in which adolescents and young adults are the most affected, correlating with an early EBV seroconversion for LA population despite of lack of infectious mononucleosis symptoms. High endemicity of KSHV and HTLV infection was observed among Amerindian populations, with differences between Amazonian and Andean populations.

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“…Molecular studies based on the long terminal repeat (LTR) region have classified HTLV-1 in seven genetic subtypes (1a-1g) and HTLV-2 in four subtypes (2a-2d) (Vandamme et al, 1998;Gessain and Cassar, 2012). The HTLV-1a or Cosmopolitan subtype is the most prevalent worldwide (Gessain and Cassar, 2012), as well as in Brazil (Castro et al, 2018;Ribeiro et al, 2018) and in Pará state (Vallinoto et al, 2006;Nobre et al, 2018). The prevalence of HTLV coinfecting people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) varies according to the studied population and the geographical region.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) Infection in People Living With HIV/AIDS in the Pará State, Amazon Region of Brazil

et al. 2020

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Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection among men who have sex with men in Central Brazil

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 among people who used illicit drugs in the state of Pará, northern Brazil

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 among people who used illicit drugs in the state of Pará, northern Brazil

Lymphotropic Viruses EBV, KSHV and HTLV in Latin America: Epidemiology and Associated Malignancies. A Literature-Based Study by the RIAL-CYTED

Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) Infection in People Living With HIV/AIDS in the Pará State, Amazon Region of Brazil

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