Human urine mutagenicity study comparing cigarettes which burn or primarily heat tobacco

Smith, Carr J.; McKarns, Susan C.; Davis, Riley A.; Livingston, S.D.; Bombick, Betsy; Avalos, Jerry; Morgan, W. T. J.; Doolittle, David J.

doi:10.1016/s0165-1161(96)90222-8

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These results demonstrate that the level of DNA adduct formation by the TOB-HT ciga-cal studies comparing the smoke from this cigarette with cigarettes that burn tobacco have revealed significant dif-tained by the 1R4F cigarette in all the assays but the HGPRT. Also, humans smoking TOB-HT voided urine ferences Bombick B. R. et al, 1995;Bombick D. W. et al, 1995;Borgerding et al, 1995; Lee that was significantly less mutagenic than when smoking a tobacco-burning cigarette [Smith et al, 1996[Smith et al, ]. et al, 1995b.…”

Section: Discussion Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals and exposed animals, establishing that the 32 P-postlabeling assay of DNA adducts is a relevant, reliable and sensiwho smoked TOB-HT voided urine which was significantly less mutagenic than that voided when they smoked tive measure of the genotoxic potential of cigarette smoke in vivo. their usual brand of tobacco-burning cigarettes [Smith et al, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco

Brown

Lee

Bombick

et al. 1997

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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Section: Discussion Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco

Brown

Lee

Bombick

et al. 1997

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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“…Smoking was permitted only at designated smoking times from 07:30 to 23:00 and subjects were neither encouraged nor forced to smoke at any time during the study. All subjects received a dietician-designed low-mutagen diet (Smith et al, 1996). Identical menus were served on Days À1, 4 and 7 (days preceding determination of urinary mutagenicity), and on Days 0, 5 and 8 (days on which urinary mutagenicity was determined).…”

Section: Study Design and Conductmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced exposure evaluation of an Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System. Part 5: 8-Day randomized clinical trial in Japan

Tricker

Kanada²,

Takada

et al. 2012

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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A randomized, controlled, open-label, parallel-group, single-center study to determine biomarkers of exposure to twelve selected harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) in cigarette smoke and urinary excretion of mutagenic material in 128 male and female Japanese subjects smoking Marlboro cigarettes (6 mg tar, 0.5mg nicotine, and 7.0mg CO) at baseline. Subjects were randomized to continue smoking Marlboro cigarettes, or switch to the Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System (EHCSS) and smoke either the EHCSS-K6 (5mg tar, 0.3mg nicotine, and 0.6 mg CO) or the EHCSS-K3 (3mg tar, 0.2mg nicotine, and 0.6 mg CO) cigarette, or switch to smoking Lark One cigarettes (1mg tar, 0.1mg nicotine, and 2.0mg CO), or to no-smoking. The mean decreases from baseline to Day 8 were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) for all cigarette smoke HPHC including CO (the primary objective) and excretion of mutagenic material in the EHCSS-K6 (range: -14.6% to -75.6%) and EHCSS-K3 (range: -9.8% to -73.0%) groups. Statistically significant reductions (all p ≤ 0.05) in exposure to ten cigarette smoke HPHC (range: -5.9% to -34.6%), but not urinary mutagenicity, were observed in the Lark One group. The largest mean reductions in exposure to HPHC (all p ≤ 0.01 level) occurred in the no-smoking group (range: -13.7% to -97.6%).

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“…However, a new version, called Eclipse, is claimed to be more acceptable to smokers. Urine cotinine levels after switching to Eclipse were 32 % lower and urine mutagenicity decreased 75 % compared with usual brands (Smith et al 1996). To examine potential acceptability, we have measured the blood nicotine levels obtained by smoking Eclipse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine availability from Eclipse tobacco-heating cigarette

et al. 1998

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A cigarette which heats rather than burns tobacco (Premier) was introduced in 1988, but was unacceptable due to unpleasant taste and low nicotine intake. We examined availability of nicotine from a new version (Eclipse), in the same four subjects as our earlier Premier study. Average blood nicotine boosts of 23.7 and 17.8 ng/ml were obtained from smoking a first and second Eclipse. This substantially exceeds intake from Premier (boost 13 ng/ml) and that obtained by heavy smokers from conventional brands (boost 12-15 ng/ml). Eclipse (or similar product) may be the best option for averting Peto's dire warnings of rising millions of annual smoking deaths in the 2020s, and its potential for large-scale, long-term switching warrants further study.

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Human urine mutagenicity study comparing cigarettes which burn or primarily heat tobacco

Cited by 56 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco

Comparative study of DNA adduct formation in mice following inhalation of smoke from cigarettes that burn or primarily heat tobacco

Reduced exposure evaluation of an Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System. Part 5: 8-Day randomized clinical trial in Japan

Nicotine availability from Eclipse tobacco-heating cigarette

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