Human V delta 2+ gamma delta T-cell tolerance to foreign antigens of Toxoplasma gondii.

Hara, Toshiro; Ohashi, Shizuko; Yamashita, Yushiro; Abe, Toshiaki; Hisaeda, Hajime; Himeno, Kunisuke; Good, Robert A.; Takeshita, Kenzo

doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.5136

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Schistosome and filarial Ags stimulated IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 production, but also IFN-␥ release by CBLs while PPD-induced predominantly a IFN-␥ response. Indeed, previous studies show neonates can develop immunologic reactivity in vitro with immunization of pregnant mothers with various vaccines (21-23) or with infections during pregnancy (19,20,24,25) although the type of immune response had not been previously defined. Recent studies in neonatal mice also show that Ag or allogenic lymphocyte exposure does not produce tolerance (45)(46)(47) and the data presented here extends these findings to natural infections in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prenatal exposure to infection or to various Ags does, however, lead to immunologic sensitization in human newborns. Offspring of mothers infected with mumps or toxoplasmosis during pregnancy develop Ag-specific antibody responses and memory T cells (19,20). Immunization of pregnant mothers with tetanus toxoid, streptococcal, or meningococcal vaccines also induces antibody and T cell responses in neonates that persist into childhood (21-23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

et al. 1997

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Neonates exposed to parasite antigens (Ags) in utero may develop altered fetal immunity that could affect subsequent responses to infection. We hypothesized that cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) from offspring of mothers residing in an area highly endemic for schistosomiasis, filariasis, and tuberculosis in Kenya would either fail to respond or generate a predominantly Th2-associated cytokine response to helminth and mycobacterial antigens (PPD) in vitro compared to maternal PBMC. Kenyan CBL generated helminth Ag-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

et al. 1997

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“…The expansion of this cell group is assumed to be driven by Ag-specific processes (3,4). Their elevated cell numbers during numerous bacterial infections, e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis (5-7), Listeria (8,9), Plasmodium sp. (10,11), Toxoplasma (12), or Brucella melitensis (13) suggest an important but yet unclarified role in the immune response against these microorganisms.…”

Section: T He V␦2/v␥2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vγ2 TCR Repertoire Overlap in Different Anatomical Compartments of Healthy, Unrelated Rhesus Macaques

MacDougall

Enders

Hatfield

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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γδ T cells show preferential homing that is characterized by biased TCR repertoire at different anatomical locations. The processes that regulate this compartmentalization are largely unknown. A model that allows repeated multiple sample procurement under different conditions and enables with relatively straightforward extrapolation to a human situation will facilitate our understanding. The peripheral blood Vγ2 T cell population is the best-characterized human γδ T cell subset. To determine its diversity at multiple immunocompartments matching blood, colon, and vagina samples from rhesus macaques were investigated. Four joining segments used in Vγ2-Jγ transcripts were identified, including one segment with no human counterpart. Like in humans, the rhesus peripheral blood Vγ2 TCR repertoire was limited and contained common sequences that were shared by genetically heterogeneous animals. Furthermore, this subset comprised several phylogenetically conserved Vγ2 complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) motifs between rhesus and humans. Common sequences were also found within the colon and vagina of the same animal, and within the peripheral blood and intestine of different unrelated animals. These results validate rhesus macaques as a useful model for γδ TCR repertoire and homing studies. Moreover, they provide evidence that the concept of limited but overlapping Vγ TCR repertoire between unrelated individuals can be extended including the mucosa of the digestive and reproductive tract.

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“…21 However, it is described 1 Figure 1 A schematic illustration of the different biological phenomena of mother-newborn immune interaction which can theoretically affect newborn immune responses to microbial antigens.…”

Section: The Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

High rate of Quantiferon positive and tuberculin negative tests in infants born at a large Italian University Hospital in 2011: a cautionary hypothesis

Cassone

Cauda

Maria

2012

Pathogens and Global Health

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In the summer of 2011, an outbreak of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was suspected, and widely publicized, to have occurred in a maternity ward of an Italian University Hospital based on a case of tuberculosis in a nurse and another case in a newborn. More than 1300 newborns in the Hospital were surveyed for the occurrence of latent TB by the use of interferon-gamma released assays, which was positive in 118 newborns, all negative at the tuberculin skin test. We present here several theoretical arguments and literature data suggesting caution in interpreting the interferon-gamma released assays positivity alone as indication of latent TB infection in newborns.

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Human V delta 2+ gamma delta T-cell tolerance to foreign antigens of Toxoplasma gondii.

Abstract: Little is known about the mechanisms involved in human y6 T-cell

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

Vγ2 TCR Repertoire Overlap in Different Anatomical Compartments of Healthy, Unrelated Rhesus Macaques

High rate of Quantiferon positive and tuberculin negative tests in infants born at a large Italian University Hospital in 2011: a cautionary hypothesis

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