Humor as a coping strategy in spaceflight

Brcic, Jelena; Suedfeld, Peter; Johnson, Phyllis J.; Huynh, Tina; Gushin, Vadim

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.07.039

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Humour has been well-documented as a coping strategy [ 84 , 85 , 86 ] and contributes to resilience, enabling individuals to cope with extreme environments [ 3 ]. It is emotion-focused and looks to cognitively reframe stressors by reducing the severity of them to buffer their impact [ 3 , 84 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been highlighted that humour is a diverse construct with individual differences to how humour is used [ 86 ], and that it is not always a positive strategy to use if the humour is misinterpreted [ 84 ]. This may have been present during the challenge, whereby the use of humour could have been misinterpreted and perceived differently, leading to increased stress and further complexity of the social support within the challenge and interpersonal differences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of Psychological Resilience during a 25-Day Endurance Challenge in an Extreme Environment

Harrison

Sarkar

Saward

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Psychological resilience is the ability to use personal qualities to withstand pressure, consisting of the interaction between the individual and the environment over time. It is essential when operating in extreme environments which are typically characterised by a complex combination of stressors with increased elements of risk and adversity. Psychological resilience has never been investigated “live” (e.g., in the moment) throughout the duration of an extreme endurance challenge, despite anecdotal accounts of the need for resilience to successfully function in such environments. The aim of the study was to explore psychological resilience with challenge team members (n = 4, mean age = 46.0 years) involved in a 25-day extreme endurance challenge. The object of the challenge was to ‘TAB’ (Tactical Advance to Battle, fast marching with weighted packs) 100 peaks in the UK in 25 days and complete long-distance bike rides between base camps. A mixed-methods approach with a focus on qualitative methods was utilised. Specifically, individual reflective video diaries (n = 47) and focus groups (n = 4) were completed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). At the same time, the 10-item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale was employed to measure resilience, which highlighted the individualised and dynamic nature of resilience. Two superordinate themes were identified from the video diaries and focus groups, namely, the identification of the stressors within extreme environments and strategies to maintain functioning. Stressors were split into subordinate themes of significant and every day, and collectively, they created a cluster effect which contributed to pressure associated with operating in these environments. Challenge team members employed various strategies to maintain functioning, including using a challenge mindset to positively appraise pressure as a challenging learning experience. Further research should continue to develop an understanding of how participants completing challenges within extreme environments utilise and develop personal qualities to maintain functioning.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Psychological Resilience during a 25-Day Endurance Challenge in an Extreme Environment

Harrison

Sarkar

Saward

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…A fruitful way to circumvent this problem is focusing on coping strategies and adaptation skills. Suedfeld's team used Thematic Content Analysis (TCA) to examine coping strategies of active and retired astronauts from their narratives and recounts ( Brcic et al., 2018 ; Suedfeld et al., 2015 ). Problem-focused strategies (e.g., strategic problem-solving) were the most common used, followed by emotion-oriented strategies (e.g., optimizing one's emotional response); the choice of coping strategies strongly depends on individual differences (e.g., culture, gender, personality traits).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Female orientation, indeed, can help promotion of team cohesion on long-duration missions where crews are heterogeneous ( Endler, 2004 ; Wood et al., 2005 ), for example, during the EXEMSI simulation, the only female participant among the four members helped to lower tensions ( Vaernes, 1993 ). Brcic et al. (2018) focused in particular humor as one of the most used and powerful emotional coping strategy among astronauts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective health and countermeasures in long-duration space exploration

Gatti

Palumbo

Domenico

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…Crime investigators (n = 14) effectively used humour to cope with their stress and facilitate team work according to qualitative research[101]. Humour is also an effective coping strategy in spaceflight as recounted by active and retired astronauts and cosmonauts (n = 66)[102]. With intentions to colonize Mars this is good to note.…”

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confidence: 99%

Laughter and humour for personal development: A systematic scoping review of the evidence

Gonot-Schoupinsky

Garip

Sheffield

2020

European Journal of Integrative Medicine

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Introduction: The accessibility of laughter and humour make them attractive choices for selfcare, and integrative medicine. There is a growing body of literature, but both fields are fragmented and the overall evidence has not been systematically reviewed. The relationship between health and personal development is increasingly recognized. This review scopes the evidence for laughter and humour interventions from the perspective of their potential benefits on personal development. Methods: A systematic scoping review used Joanna Briggs guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Scoping Review extension (PRISMA-ScR). Allpopulation laughter and humour interventions described in primary and secondary research from 1970, and in English, were searched in Web of Science and PubMed/Medline. Results: Analysis of 240 primary research articles (k), and 11 systematic reviews (K), identified k = 564 discrete articles with studies involving 574,611 participants (n). Twelve large studies (n >15,000) contributed 77% of participants. Classification analysis found more research relating to humour (k = 445, n = 334,996) than laughter (k = 119, n = 239,615) and identified diverse personal development outcomes associated with Biological, Psychological, Social, Environmental, and Behavioural (BPSE-B) factors. Conclusion:This review presents growing evidence for the diverse applications and benefits of laughter and humour. Multiple opportunities for self-care and interventional applications are described. The consideration of personal development outcomes may support tailored applications according to specific needs and objectives. An umbrella Personal Development Sensitivity: InternalTheory of laughter and humour, inclusive humour and laughter definitions, and a humourlaughter-affect model are proposed to unify the fields.

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Humor as a coping strategy in spaceflight

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Exploration of Psychological Resilience during a 25-Day Endurance Challenge in an Extreme Environment

Exploration of Psychological Resilience during a 25-Day Endurance Challenge in an Extreme Environment

Affective health and countermeasures in long-duration space exploration

Laughter and humour for personal development: A systematic scoping review of the evidence

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