Hyaline‐vascular and plasma‐cell types of giant lymph node hyperplasia of the mediastinum and other locations

Abstract

A clinicopathologic analysis of 81 cases of giant lymph node hyperplasia was undertaken, with review of previously reported cases. Most of the lesions were intrathoracic. The lesions were discovered most often on routine roentgeno‐grams of the chest or because of pressure symptoms or the presence of a palpable mass if outside the thorax. Evidence is presented that the lesions are enlarged, hyperplastic, altered lymph nodes. They have been divided into 2 histologic types: the hyaline‐vascular lesions, which were most numerous, were characterized by small hyaline‐vascular follicles and interfollicular capillary proliferation; the plasma‐cell lesions were characterized by large follicles with intervening sheets of plasma cells. Systemic manifestations, such as fever, anemia, and hyperglobulinemia, were frequently associated with the plasma‐cell lesions. These clinical signs and other data presented appear to favor an infectious or inflammatory etiology. All the lesions have behaved in a benign fashion, and complete surgical excision has been curative.

Systemic IgG4-related lymphadenopathy: a clinical and pathologic comparison to multicentric Castleman's disease

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Castleman's disease is a rather rare atypical lymphoproliferative disorder 12 classified according to the histopathologic findings of the affected lymph nodes as plasma cell type, hyaline-vascular type or a mixed-type variant of the two. 13,14 Patients with the plasma cell or the mixed-type variant frequently have systemic manifestations (so-called multicentric Castleman's disease), such as low-grade fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Abnormal laboratory findings include anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, increased C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6.…”

“…Abnormal laboratory findings include anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypocholesterolemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, increased C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6. [13][14][15][16] These symptoms are closely related to high interleukin-6 levels, suggesting a cytokine disease. Idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia is considered identical to multicentric Castleman's disease in Western countries.…”

Castleman’s Disease Presenting as Peri - Pancreatic Neoplasm

“…Histopathologically, CD presents with three distinct histological variants-the hyaline vascular (HV) type, the plasma cell type (PC) and the mixed type (MV) [3]. Both our patients were found to have HV type on histology.…”

“…There is no consensus on underlying etiology of CD. Theories suggesting reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and vascular lymphoid hamartoma have been proposed [3]. Although in the first case etiology is unknown, in the second case CD may have arisen in a background of chronic immunosuppression by steroids.…”

Hyaline Vascular-Type Castleman's Disease in the Hepatoduodenal Ligament: Report of a Case

“…It also has two clinical expressions: a localized form, which usually presents as a slow-growing mass and follows a relatively benign clinical course; and a multicentric form, in which tumors are multilocated, associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. The lymph node masses most commonly arise in the mediastinum (70%), 2 but can occur anywhere that lymph nodes are found. 3 Extrathoracic locations, such as the peripancreatic site, pelvis, and retroperitoneum, are rare.…”