Hyaluronate Functionalized Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Loaded with Carboplatin Enhance Cytotoxicity on Human Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Cancer is a major global public health problem and conventional chemotherapy has several adverse effects and deficiencies. As a valuable option for chemotherapy, nanomedicine requires novel agents to increase the effects of antineoplastic drugs in multiple cancer models. Since its discovery, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are intensively investigated for their use as carriers in drug delivery applications. This study shows the development of a nanovector generated with commercial carbon nanotubes (cCNTs) that were oxidized (oxCNTs) and chemically functionalized with hyaluronic acid (HA) and loaded with carboplatin (CPT). The nanovector, oxCNTs–HA–CPT, was used as a treatment against HeLa and MDA–MB-231 human tumor cell lines. The potential antineoplastic impact of the fabricated nanovector was evaluated in human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and mammary adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231). The oxCNTs–HA–CPT nanovector demonstrate to have a specific antitumor effect in vitro. The functionalization with HA allows that nanovector bio–directed towards tumor cells, while the toxicity effect is attributed mainly to CPT in a dose-dependent manner.

Carbon Nanotubes in Tumor-Targeted Chemotherapeutic Formulations: A Review of Opportunities and Challenges

“…The potential antineoplastic impact of the drug-delivery nanovectors was evaluated in human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), and murine fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines Figure indicates MTT and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) assays in the nontumor NIH-3T3 cell line.…”

“…A nuclei contrast assay with DAPI (right) was performed in these same cells. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2021 C. A. Leyva-González under Creative Common CC-BY license.…”

“…The potential antineoplastic impact of the drug-delivery nanovectors was evaluated in human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), and murine fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines. 29 Figure 12 indicates MTT and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) assays in the nontumor NIH-3T3 cell line. After administration of CPT and CPT/ oxMWCNTs−HA conjugates (5, 10, 30, 50, and 100 μg/mL) for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure, it was observed that the CPT/oxMWCNTs−HA conjugates have a specific antitumor effect in vitro.…”

“…Drug-delivery platforms may help to reduce distribution and drug accumulation in healthy nontarget tissues and increase drug localization at the tumor target site with prolonged circulation times. In particular, hyaluronic acid (HA) and folic acid (FA) are valuable targeting modules because of their ability to recognize receptors, allowing improvements in the therapeutic index of anticancer chemotherapies. , HA and FA can improve complexes’ stability and water dispersibility, making it easier for the CNTs-based drug-delivery conjugates to optimize the drug loading for chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., cisplatin and carboplatin, , gemcitabine, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel, among other drugs). HA and FA are targeting molecules that can direct the conjugates to enter cells via a receptor-mediated pathway; thus, following internalization, the anticancer drug can be selectively released into lysosomes .…”

Current Research Progress of the Role of LncRNA LEF1-AS1 in a Variety of Tumors

“…Cancer is a major global public health problem (Siegel et al, 2020;Li N. et al, 2021;Leyva-González et al, 2021), which has become the leading cause of death in China (Li T. et al, 2020). Recently, the morbidity and mortality of cancer have been clearly on the rise in the country, comprising a significant health burden that it is likely to further increase (Islami et al, 2017).…”