Hybrid dynamic windows using reversible metal electrodeposition and ion insertion

Islam, Shakirul M.; Hernandez, Tyler S.; McGehee, Michael D.; Barile, Christopher J.

doi:10.1038/s41560-019-0332-3

Cited by 159 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[9] Many of the current electrochromic smart windows can only provide visible (VIS) light modulation, or block VIS light and NIR without any spectral selectivity. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Dual-band electrochromic smart windows, a new type of electrochromic smart windows with independent control of the VIS light and NIR transmittance, [26,27] have been introduced recently as an energy saving technology for the smart regulation of solar light and solar heat in buildings. [28][29][30][31][32][33] The development of dual-band electrochromic smart windows is strongly dependent on the availability of dual-band electrochromic materials.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adma202004686mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 9 ] Many of the current electrochromic smart windows can only provide visible (VIS) light modulation, or block VIS light and NIR without any spectral selectivity. [ 10–25 ] Dual‐band electrochromic smart windows, a new type of electrochromic smart windows with independent control of the VIS light and NIR transmittance, [ 26,27 ] have been introduced recently as an energy saving technology for the smart regulation of solar light and solar heat in buildings. [ 28–33 ]…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

et al. 2020

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Dual‐band electrochromic smart windows capable of the spectrally selective modulation of visible (VIS) light and near‐infrared (NIR) can regulate solar light and solar heat transmittance to reduce the building energy consumption. The development of these windows is however limited by the number of available dual‐band electrochromic materials. Here, plasmonic oxygen‐deficient TiO2‐x nanocrystals (NCs) are discovered to be an effective single‐component dual‐band electrochromic material, and that oxygen‐vacancy creation is more effective than aliovalent substitutional doping to introduce dual‐band properties to TiO2 NCs. Oxygen vacancies not only confer good near‐infrared (NIR)‐selective modulation, but also improve the Li+ diffusion in the TiO2‐x host, circumventing the disadvantage of aliovalent substitutional doping with ion diffusion. Consequently optimized TiO2‐x NC films are able to modulate the NIR and visible light transmittance independently and effectively in three distinct modes with high optical modulation (95.5% at 633 nm and 90.5% at 1200 nm), fast switching speed, high bistability, and long cycle life. An impressive dual‐band electrochromic performance is also demonstrated in prototype devices. The use of TiO2‐x NCs enables the assembled windows to recycle a large fraction of energy consumed in the coloration process (“energy recycling”) to reduce the energy consumption in a round‐trip electrochromic operation.

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Section: Doi: 101002/adma202004686mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

et al. 2020

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“…While electrochromic smart windows are well poised to become critical elements in future architectural design of environmentally friendly buildings, large‐area EC smart windows integration remains on the drawing board. [ 8 ] A key route to EC smart windows commercialization must overcome the challenges posed by slow switching speed, nonuniform switching processes, optical contrast, and energy consumption as the device is scaled up. Consequently, having an inexpensive new energy‐efficient and high optical contrast electrochromic platform with a rapid and uniform switching process is a welcomed opportunity that will accelerate the development and commercialization of large‐scale electrochromic smart windows.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Zinc‐Mesh Electrodes for Solar‐Charging Electrochromic Windows

2020

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smart windows commercialization must overcome the challenges posed by slow switching speed, nonuniform switching processes, optical contrast, and energy consumption as the device is scaled up. Consequently, having an inexpensive new energy-efficient and high optical contrast electrochromic platform with a rapid and uniform switching process is a welcomed opportunity that will accelerate the development and commercialization of large-scale electrochromic smart windows. Simultaneously, the development of such an large-scale electrochromic platform would further advance the abovementioned applications using electrochromic technologies. In a conventional electrochromic smart window, the requirement of an external energy source brings about a few drawbacks, including complicated installation, increased cost, and offsetting energy savings. [9,10] To overcome these issues, several efforts have been devoted to the implantation of photovoltaic (PV)-electrochromic window systems. [11] As schematically shown in Figure 1a, the PV device provides the needed electrical energy, via the photoelectron conversion of light photons, to operate the electrochromic smart window. [12] Although this configuration eliminates the need for an external power source, the electrical wiring is quite elaborate as it requires control circuitry to manage the current and voltage that power the electrochromic window. [10] The solar-generated power consumed by the electrochromic window renders this system far from being an energy-efficient platform. Furthermore, in a normal operation requiring active sunlight regulation, the electrochromic window needs to be colored during the day and bleached at night or during sunlight intermittency. However, unless the electrical energy is stored in an external energy storage unit (e.g., battery), the lack of solar electrical power source to bleach the electrochromic window at night or during sunlight intermittency at daytime introduces another significant challenge to this PV-electrochromic window platform. [9] Recently, we reported on a new and fundamentally different class of ECDs which facilitates the ability to efficiently retrieve the consumed energy while preserving the natural electrochromic characteristics. [2,13,14] In these devices (defined as zincanode-based electrochromic device, ZECD), an aqueous electrolyte compatible zinc anode is used as the counter electrode. Most importantly, due to the redox potential difference between Newly born zinc-anode-based electrochromic devices (ZECDs), incorporating electrochromic and energy storage functions in a single transparent platform, represent the most promising technology for next-generation transparent electronics. As the existing ZECDs are limited by opaque zinc anodes, the key focus should be on the development of transparent zinc anodes. Here, the first demonstration of a flexible transparent zincmesh electrode is reported for a ZECD window that yields a remarkable electrochromic performance in an 80 cm 2 device, including rapid switching times (3.6 and ...

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“…2j, k). Precisely, due to the morphology of the deposited Bi atom, they obtained an ideal black display and its coloration state could be maintained for 25 h without a continuous power supply 42,43 . However, the known systems with reversible ion electrodeposition of Ag, Cu-Pt, and Cu-Ag currently have disadvantages in terms of durability and toxicity, especially when Pt ions are involved.…”

Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green revolution in electronic displays expected to ease energy and health crises

et al. 2021

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Hybrid dynamic windows using reversible metal electrodeposition and ion insertion

Cited by 159 publications

References 31 publications

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

Transparent Zinc‐Mesh Electrodes for Solar‐Charging Electrochromic Windows

Green revolution in electronic displays expected to ease energy and health crises

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Hybrid dynamic windows using reversible metal electrodeposition and ion insertion

Cited by 159 publications

References 31 publications

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

Transparent Zinc‐Mesh Electrodes for Solar‐Charging Electrochromic Windows

Green revolution in electronic displays expected to ease energy and health crises

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Product

Resources

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Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling

Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO_2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling