Hybrid materials for electromagnetic shielding: A review

Abstract

Extensive development in electronics and allied sectors has led to unseen pollution termed electromagnetic interference (EMI). Motivated by its aftereffects, the fabrication of efficient EMI shielding has become a major area of research. This review presents a detailed analysis of very recent trends in various hybrid materials based on polymers, cement, concrete, paints, and so on with diverse filler inclusions for electromagnetic shielding applications. This paper also focuses on the origin and effects of electromagnetic (EM) radiation, the shielding mechanism, and the suitability of the hybrids, various fabrication techniques, characterization; and so on. Fiber-reinforced polymer composites, metal films, microfilms, inks, paints, multiple laminated composites, foams, aerogel-based polymer composites, textiles, and so on are discussed. Newly developed materials like MXene, borophene, semiconducting filler-based hybrid materials are also covered. Finally, an attempt is made, to sum up, the major challenges faced in the design and development of polymer materials for EMI shielding applications.

Multi‐walled carbon nanotube grafted 3D spacer multi‐scale composites for electromagnetic interference shielding

“…[5,6] For efficient electromagnetic radiation, it is required to utilize an electrically conducting shield material with mobile charge carriers; however, high conductivity is not compulsory and 1 Ω/cm volume resistivity is acceptable. [7] In the previous decades, various metal-based shielding materials have been employed due to their high electrical conductivity coupled with providing high EMSE by the total radiation reflection from the surface. However, reflection dominated EMI shielding may also be hazardous for the adjacent device's performance.…”

Frequency‐selective electromagnetic interference shielding carbon spacer yarn fabric/polyurethane foam composites

“…[16][17][18] Comparing to the other types of EMI shielding materials (such as metal, conductive polymer, conductive polymer composites), carbon fabric-reinforced composites could implement EMI shielding, high strength, and low density simultaneously. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Single layer of carbon fabric is a fascinating candidate to realize EMI shielding due to its excellent dielectric loss. [28,29] Its corresponding EMI shielding composites could strongly reflect EM wave.…”

Tailoring Nylon 6/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Nanocomposites for Application against Electromagnetic Interference: Evaluation of the Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Behavior, and the Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency

“…Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a type of environmental pollution caused by natural phenomena and electronic devices [ 26 , 27 ]. The broad development of electronic systems has brought out many concerns regarding electromagnetic pollution.…”