Hydraulic fracturing design considerations, water management challenges and insights for Middle Eastern shale gas reservoirs

Suboyin, Abhijith; Rahman, Motiur; Haroun, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2020.03.017

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…They have focused on several separation processes such as oxidation, floatation, and desalination techniques and their efficiency on the solids and chemical removals from flow-back water [2]. Suboyin et al (2020) have investigated the different essential parameters of fracturing fluid viscosity and fracture aperture on the volume of flow-back produced water in the surface. Thereby, it can be concluded that the profound impact of each parameter would be a useful criteria for the well development and fracturing designation performances [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suboyin et al (2020) have investigated the different essential parameters of fracturing fluid viscosity and fracture aperture on the volume of flow-back produced water in the surface. Thereby, it can be concluded that the profound impact of each parameter would be a useful criteria for the well development and fracturing designation performances [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical Analysis of Treated Flow-Back Water Measurements: An Industrial Insight for a Shale Reservoir

2022

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Water production from unconventional reservoirs especially shale reservoirs has always been considered as the major challenges for petroleum industries that needs special requirements and facilities to treat the flow-back water and reinject to the reservoirs. The objective of this paper is to statistically measure the provided freshwater from treated water that is produced from reused water. The treated water is provided from different processes such as hydraulic fracturing, chemical enhanced oil recovery methods (such as polymer, surfactant, and foam flooding that are the main important techniques in recovery processes) from eight wells in Bangestan field in South of Iran. Moreover, photofenton-flotation separation methods are used in this field to treat the produced water from different processes. As a result, saving water percentage in the studied field for hydraulic fracturing processes is about 82% and therefore, the required fresh water is about 18%. Moreover, saving water percentage in the studied field for chemical recovery techniques is about 70% and therefore, the required fresh water is about 29%. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the required fresh water for 1000 inhabitants can be saved through this system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Analysis of Treated Flow-Back Water Measurements: An Industrial Insight for a Shale Reservoir

2022

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“…Natural fractures are observed in many of the world's reservoirs, and this factor is significant in the oil and gas industry because it directly contributes to fluid flow. Fractures are a critical factor in reservoir development and management, and several methods for detecting them have been developed, including the use of petrophysical logs, mud loss history, core descriptions, well tests, and seismic data (Aguilera 2008;Dutta et al 2007;Gale et al 2007;Ja'fari et al 2012;Suboyin et al 2020;Thompson 2000;Tokhmechi et al 2009). The reservoir's fracture is extremely complex, and it is greatly influenced by geological conditions such as (Sarkheil et al 2013):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel hybrid machine learning optimizer algorithms to prediction of fracture density by petrophysical data

Rajabi

Beheshtian

Davoodi

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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One of the challenges in reservoir management is determining the fracture density (FVDC) in reservoir rock. Given the high cost of coring operations and image logs, the ability to predict FVDC from various petrophysical input variables using a supervised learning basis calibrated to the standard well is extremely useful. In this study, a novel machine learning approach is developed to predict FVDC from 12-input variable well-log based on feature selection. To predict the FVDC, combination of two networks of multiple extreme learning machines (MELM) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) hybrid algorithm with a combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimizer (PSO) has been used. We use a novel MELM-PSO/GA combination that has never been used before, and the best comparison result between MELM-PSO-related models with performance test data is RMSE = 0.0047 1/m; R2 = 0.9931. According to the performance accuracy analysis, the models are MLP-PSO < MLP-GA < MELM-GA < MELM-PSO. This method can be used in other fields, but it must be recalibrated with at least one well. Furthermore, the developed method provides insights for the use of machine learning to reduce errors and avoid data overfitting in order to create the best possible prediction performance for FVDC prediction.

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“…Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a necessary stimulation method to achieve a profitable level of gas production. Large quantities of fresh water used for HF cause severe environmental concerns, such as large surface and/or groundwater withdrawal, induced earthquakes, generation of large volumes of produced and flowback water transported to disposal wells [2,3]. The reuse of produced and flowback water in hydraulic fracturing operations is commonly practiced by industry to reduce fresh water consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of Flowback Water from Hydraulic Fracturing for Drilling Mud Preparation and Secondary Hydrocarbon Recovery

et al. 2021

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Flowback water after completion of hydraulic fracturing is one of major waste streams generated during the lifespan of a well so its beneficial reuse is crucial. The application of treated flowback is not limited to stimulation processes but also may include drilling operations and secondary oil recovery. The flowback water used in this work is characterized by high salinity reaching up to ~295 g/L caused mainly by NaCl. The presence of suspended solids, mainly corrosion products, prompts the use of coagulation and filtration as treatment methods. Among tested coagulants the most effective one was the SAX18 (NaAlO2) commercial coagulant applied at concentration of 12 mL/L which reduces the water turbidity from over 400 FTU to 23 FTU. The applied treatment greatly reduces the concentration of scaling ions and so the concentration of SiO2 is reduced by 64%, Ba2+–66%, Fe2–36%, Mn2+–65%, SO42−–66%. The treated flowback fluid can be reused in surfactant flooding for enhanced oil recovery where achieves 7% higher displacing efficiency than fresh water. The drilling muds which were prepared using the untreated flowback water exhibit good rheological properties. The obtained results show that recycling of flowback water in future drilling and exploitation operations is technically feasible.

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Hydraulic fracturing design considerations, water management challenges and insights for Middle Eastern shale gas reservoirs

Cited by 45 publications

References 4 publications

Statistical Analysis of Treated Flow-Back Water Measurements: An Industrial Insight for a Shale Reservoir

Statistical Analysis of Treated Flow-Back Water Measurements: An Industrial Insight for a Shale Reservoir

Novel hybrid machine learning optimizer algorithms to prediction of fracture density by petrophysical data

Reuse of Flowback Water from Hydraulic Fracturing for Drilling Mud Preparation and Secondary Hydrocarbon Recovery

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