“…The more significant inhibitory effect of PS NPs (50 nm) on nitrification was also reported by Lee et al., who found that the observed effects of PS NPs on nitrification should be owing to the disruption of the membrane potential of the cells ( Lee et al., 2022 ). Similar results also suggested the more significant effect of NPs than MPs on the production of fuels (e.g., hydrogen, methane), in anaerobic digestion processes ( Wang et al., 2022 , 2023 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ). Fig.…”
Section: Eco-impacts Of Nps Are Higher Than Those Of Mpssupporting
“…The more significant inhibitory effect of PS NPs (50 nm) on nitrification was also reported by Lee et al., who found that the observed effects of PS NPs on nitrification should be owing to the disruption of the membrane potential of the cells ( Lee et al., 2022 ). Similar results also suggested the more significant effect of NPs than MPs on the production of fuels (e.g., hydrogen, methane), in anaerobic digestion processes ( Wang et al., 2022 , 2023 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ). Fig.…”
Section: Eco-impacts Of Nps Are Higher Than Those Of Mpssupporting
“…PS-NPs at 20–50 μg·L –1 significantly inhibited methane production of AnGS over an 86-day exposure period . Wang et al investigated the short-term inhibitory effects of 75 mg·L –1 PVC-NPs on AnGS in batch experiments. Among these NPs, PVC-NPs have the highest toxicity in terms of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. , The short-term effect of PVC-NPs on AnGS has been well studied by Wang et al; however, the long-term effects of PVC-NPs on the AnGS process are still unknown.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wang et al investigated the short-term inhibitory effects of 75 mg·L –1 PVC-NPs on AnGS in batch experiments. Among these NPs, PVC-NPs have the highest toxicity in terms of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. , The short-term effect of PVC-NPs on AnGS has been well studied by Wang et al; however, the long-term effects of PVC-NPs on the AnGS process are still unknown.…”
“…For instance, the degradation of existing plastic waste, accumulation of waste from the plastic industry, and food chain transfer may contribute to the spread of MNPs. 5 In this regard, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polystyrene (PS) are widely used polymers for a variety of applications including electronic applications, optical applications, building materials, protective materials, and food packaging materials. 6,7 These polymers can persist as MNPs in the environment for extended periods, which poses a risk to both humans and the environment.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Plastic pollution is becoming a severe threat to the environment on a global scale due to its widespread use in large quantities and slow decomposition. , In fact, the escalating usage of plastics is developing a greater menace, especially concerning microplastic (MP) or nanoplastic (NP) contamination. , These micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) enter the ecosystem through various channels. For instance, the degradation of existing plastic waste, accumulation of waste from the plastic industry, and food chain transfer may contribute to the spread of MNPs . In this regard, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polystyrene (PS) are widely used polymers for a variety of applications including electronic applications, optical applications, building materials, protective materials, and food packaging materials. , These polymers can persist as MNPs in the environment for extended periods, which poses a risk to both humans and the environment. , Therefore, it is essential to remove from the environment and water resources.…”
Multifunctional materials for industrial wastewater treatment are in high demand due to the contamination of microand nanoplastics (MNPs) and dyes. Herein, we demonstrate a polyurethane-based (PU) electrospun composite membrane for MNP separation and selective methylene blue (MB) adsorption. The optimized 20 wt % graphene oxide-montmorillonite (GO-Mt)-loaded nanofibrous composite membrane (20-PGT) exhibited its superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of 0°and high water flux. It displayed a maximum pressure-driven water flow of 8163 L m −2 h −1 and a gravity-driven water flux of 793 L m −2 h −1 . Three model MNPs, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with various sizes, have been demonstrated. The adsorptive separation and size-exclusive interception mechanisms were observed for nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs), respectively. Cake formation, intermediate blocking, and standard blocking mechanisms were followed during the filtration of ABS MPs, PMMA NPs, and PS NPs, respectively. Additionally, the composite membrane exhibited selective MB adsorption from the mixture of dyes, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 417 mg g −1 . Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics define the adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics, respectively. The fabricated, robust fibrous composite membrane opens a wider door for the removal of MNPs and MB from contaminated water.
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