Hydrogen Accumulation and Distribution in Pipeline Steel in Intensified Corrosion Conditions

Abstract

Hydrogen accumulation and distribution in pipeline steel under conditions of enhanced corrosion has been studied. The XRD analysis, optical spectrometry and uniaxial tension tests reveal that the corrosion environment affects the parameters of the inner and outer surface of the steel pipeline as well as the steel pipeline bulk. The steel surface becomes saturated with hydrogen released as a reaction product during insignificant methane dissociation. Measurements of the adsorbed hydrogen concentration throughout the steel pipe bulk were carried out. The pendulum impact testing of Charpy specimens was performed at room temperature in compliance with national standards. The mechanical properties of the steel specimens were found to be considerably lower, and analogous to the properties values caused by hydrogen embrittlement.

Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Growth in the Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Steels during in Situ Hydrogen Charging

“…The HE susceptibility of the HAZ samples was higher than that of the base metal samples. The difference in microstructure seemed to be the main factor that affected hydrogen trapping and diffusion [58]. The electrochemical permeation technique was the available method to study the relationship between hydrogen diffusion and trapping behavior and bainite microstructure.…”

Application of the Electrochemical Permeation Method for Hydrogen Diffusion Coefficient Determination in Pipeline Steel 10G2

“…For sample #1, tests were carried out for 24 h under aggressive conditions of a gas environment with moisture and heating. A gas feed reactor (methane, "Gazprom Transgaz Tomsk", Tomsk, Russia) was used to simulate the effect of an aggressive environment [27]. A predetermined amount of methane is fed into the tank.…”

Influence of the addition of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes on the thermal and mechanical properties of polyamide‐11 before and after aging tests

“…The high proportion of hydrocarbons concerning the amide group (−[CH 2 ] 10 CONH–) in the PA11 chain results in excellent mechanical properties, like high fatigue resistance, low friction coefficient, and excellent chemical resistance. Therefore, this semicrystalline thermoplastic acts as a barrier material during the transport of the gas, water, and oil mixture 5 . An essential factor that must be considered is its aging, which leads to the loss of plasticizer, and consequently, to the decrease in elasticity, as well as the hydrolysis of the amidic bonds present in the amorphous part of the polymer, being intensified by high temperatures, leading to a significant reduction in molar mass 6 .…”

“…An essential factor that must be considered is its aging, which leads to the loss of plasticizer, and consequently, to the decrease in elasticity, as well as the hydrolysis of the amidic bonds present in the amorphous part of the polymer, being intensified by high temperatures, leading to a significant reduction in molar mass 6 . Considering its application in flexible pipes, the main factor responsible for the aging of PA11 is the water existing during oil production 5,6 …”