Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Storage Materials

Abstract

How will energy be stored in the future?H ydrogen has been considered as an energyc arrier for the future for several decades now.N evertheless,i th as more or less become obvious that conventionals torage methods such as compression and liquefactionw ill not be able to reach the energy density targetsr equired for many applications.S torage options at more moderate conditions would be especially desirable. Binding hydrogen on or in another material is aw ay to ac-complisht his compromise.T he variety of approaches in this field is large.H ydrogen could be stored by adsorption on high-surface-area materials;i tc ould be introduced into the lattice of solids;i tc ould be converted into carriers that can be decomposed to releaseh ydrogen,o ri tc ould be bound to an organic compound to be subsequently released catalytically. This Special Issue of Energy Technology discussesrecent research developments in the field of material-based hydrogen storage andh ydrogen processes.T he different technologies are discussed not only on the material level, but also from system and application perspectives.M ost hydrogen storage materials are currently at the research and development stage.T he path towards making ag ivent echnology ready for the market in some cases is still long. Questions of reliability and automation of the respective systems still need to be answered. This Special Issue makes ac ontribution to these topics from some of the leaders in these fields. For example, Demirci evaluated the technological readiness of hydrogen storage in borohydrides and related compounds. Thep robability of failurea nd recovery options from failures are evaluated by Rüde et al. for energy storage using ah y-drogenc arrier material. Conclusions on weaknesses in the reliabilityo fh ydrogen technologies have been deduced. Even though (or because) these technologies are not yet implemented on al arge scale,s uch studies are valuable for further development. Milella et al. discussa spectso fc ontrolling and automation of carrier-based hydrogen storage units.

Applications of Neutron Scattering in Technical Catalysis: Characterisation of Hydrogenous Species on/in Unsupported and Supported Palladium

“…The unique hydrogen sensitivity of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) has been used for decades to study the interactions and site occupation in hydrogen storage materials ( [3][4][5][6] and literature cited therein), in metals as well as alloys or intermetallic compounds and others. Due to the high hydrogen absorption capability of palladium very detailed information on the interactions with hydrogenous species is available by INS and sorption measurements [7][8][9].…”