Hydrogen as an Energy Vector: Present and Future

Arenillas, Isabel Amez; Ortega, Marcelo F.; Torrent, Javier García; Llamas, Bernardo

doi:10.1142/9789811228032_0003

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is believed that, in the near future, hydrogen will be a key energy carrier in the transport, chemical, and metallurgical industries. In the long term, this also applies to the maritime and aviation sectors [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers: Non-Recoverable Cushion Gas after Storage

Luboń,

Tarkowski

2024

Energies

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Underground hydrogen storage facilities require cushion gas to operate, which is an expensive one-time investment. Only some of this gas is recoverable after the end of UHS operation. A significant percentage of the hydrogen will remain in underground storage as non-recoverable cushion gas. Efforts must be made to reduce it. This article presents the results of modeling the cushion gas withdrawal after the end of cyclical storage operation. It was found that the amount of non-recoverable cushion gas is fundamentally influenced by the duration of the initial hydrogen filling period, the hydrogen flow rate, and the timing of the upconing occurrence. Upconing is one of the main technical barriers to hydrogen storage in deep saline aquifers. The ratio of non-recoverable cushion gas to cushion gas (NRCG/CG) decreases with an increasing amount of cushion gas. The highest ratio, 0.63, was obtained in the shortest 2-year initial filling period. The lowest ratio, 0.35, was obtained when utilizing the longest initial filling period of 4 years and employing the largest amount of cushion gas. The presented cases of cushion gas recovery can help investors decide which storage option is the most advantageous based on the criteria that are important to them.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the time-weighted hydrogen flow rate average from the initial injection period. The remaining cases (3,4,5,8,9,10,13,14,15) involved a constant flow of fluids in the well, 2 kg/s, 4 kg/s, and 6 kg/s, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers: Non-Recoverable Cushion Gas after Storage

Luboń,

Tarkowski

2024

Energies

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“…The increased use of hydrogen will enable the decarbonisation of those sectors of the economy where reducing CO 2 emissions is difficult to achieve [31][32][33]. It is expected that in the future (2050 perspective), hydrogen may completely replace natural gas in the chemical, metallurgical, and transport industries, and in the long term, also in the aviation and maritime sectors [3,31,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for the Implementation of Underground Hydrogen Storage in the EU

Uliasz-Misiak

Lewandowska-Śmierzchalska²,

Matuła³

et al. 2022

Energies

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The hydrogen economy is one of the possible directions of development for the European Union economy, which in the perspective of 2050, can ensure climate neutrality for the member states. The use of hydrogen in the economy on a larger scale requires the creation of a storage system. Due to the necessary volumes, the best sites for storage are geological structures (salt caverns, oil and gas deposits or aquifers). This article presents an analysis of prospects for large-scale underground hydrogen storage in geological structures. The political conditions for the implementation of the hydrogen economy in the EU Member States were analysed. The European Commission in its documents (e.g., Green Deal) indicates hydrogen as one of the important elements enabling the implementation of a climate-neutral economy. From the perspective of 2050, the analysis of changes and the forecast of energy consumption in the EU indicate an increase in electricity consumption. The expected increase in the production of energy from renewable sources may contribute to an increase in the production of hydrogen and its role in the economy. From the perspective of 2050, discussed gas should replace natural gas in the chemical, metallurgical and transport industries. In the longer term, the same process will also be observed in the aviation and maritime sectors. Growing charges for CO2 emissions will also contribute to the development of underground hydrogen storage technology. Geological conditions, especially wide-spread aquifers and salt deposits allow the development of underground hydrogen storage in Europe.

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“…Su naturaleza hace de él un vector energético versátil, ya que puede ser utilizado en los sectores industriales más contaminantes de la sociedad actual. El hidrógeno como vector energético ha sido extensamente estudiado en las últimas décadas, sin embargo, es ahora cuando parece ser un elemento clave para alcanzar un futuro sostenible [40].…”

Section: Hidrógenounclassified

“…Figura 1. 7 Clasificación de los procesos de producción de hidrógeno en función de su origen [40] La figura 1.7 presenta los principales métodos de producción de hidrógeno, clasificándolos según su origen (hidrógeno verde, azul y gris). Se espera que, en los próximos años, la producción de hidrógeno verde crezca exponencialmente, por lo que este estudio se centrará en los métodos de producción del hidrógeno renovable.…”

Section: Producciónunclassified

Estudio experimental de la inflamabilidad de mezclas gaseosas de CH4, H2 y CO2 en aire y su potencial energético

Arenillas¹

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Hydrogen as an Energy Vector: Present and Future

Cited by 5 publications

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Hydrogen Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers: Non-Recoverable Cushion Gas after Storage

Hydrogen Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers: Non-Recoverable Cushion Gas after Storage

Prospects for the Implementation of Underground Hydrogen Storage in the EU

Estudio experimental de la inflamabilidad de mezclas gaseosas de CH4, H2 y CO2 en aire y su potencial energético

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