Hydrogen generation by OTEC electrolysis, and economical energy transfer to world markets via ammonia and methanol

Avery, W. H.; Richards, D.; Dugger, Gordon L.

doi:10.1016/0360-3199(85)90108-9

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Specific energetic cost of ammonia for different production pathways in 2019 USD $ GJ –1 (on LHV basis, LHV ammonia = 18.646 MJ kg –1 ). The values are an average of reported data in the literature: biogass, , biomass, ,,,,,, electricity mix, ,,− coal, ,, NG, ,,,,,, hydropower, , ocean thermal, ,− wind, ,,,,, solar, ,,− renewable electricity mix, ,,,, nuclear. , …”

Section: Ammonia and Ammonia Derivative Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospective of Nitrogen-Based Alternative Fuels

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alternative fuels are essential to enable the transition to a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply. Synthetic fuels derived from renewable energies can act as energy storage media, thus mitigating the effects of fossil fuels on environment and health. Their economic viability, environmental impact, and compatibility with current infrastructure and technologies are fuel and power source specific. Nitrogen-based fuels pose one possible synthetic fuel pathway. In this review, we discuss the progress and current research on utilization of nitrogen-based fuels in power applications, covering the complete fuel cycle. We cover the production, distribution, and storage of nitrogen-based fuels. We assess much of the existing literature on the reactions involved in the ammonia to nitrogen atom pathway in nitrogen-based fuel combustion. Furthermore, we discuss nitrogen-based fuel applications ranging from combustion engines to gas turbines, as well as their exploitation by suggested end-uses. Thereby, we evaluate the potential opportunities and challenges of expanding the role of nitrogen-based molecules in the energy sector, outlining their use as energy carriers in relevant fields.

show abstract

Section: Ammonia and Ammonia Derivative Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospective of Nitrogen-Based Alternative Fuels

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These facts, in combination with the following case studies, provide some promising industrial perspectives of the renewable energy sources that will be thoroughly investigated in the content of the MAPSYN project. Avery et al extended the existing knowledge on Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) technology by proposing the design of a 325 MWe plant-ship generating 1000 tons of ammonia per day [22,23]. The plant would basically exploit the temperature gradient between the surface and deep ocean water to generate electric power onboard which would be used, in turn, for ammonia synthesis and other energy-demanding operations.…”

Section: Integration Of Renewable Energy Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Considerations for Plasma-Assisted N-Fixation Reactions

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a time of increasing concerns about the immense energy consumption and poor environmental performance of contemporary processes in the chemical industry, there is great need to develop novel sustainable technologies that enhance energy efficiency. There is abundant chemical literature on process innovations (laboratory-scale) around the plasma reactor itself, which, naturally, is the essential part to be intensified to achieve a satisfactory process. In essence, a plasma process needs attention beyond reaction engineering towards the process integration side and also with strong electrical engineering focus. In this mini-review, we have detailed our future focus on the process and energy intensification of plasma-based N-fixation. Three focal points are mainly stressed throughout the review: (I) the integration of renewable energy; (II) the power supply system of plasma reactors and (III) process design of industrial plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation. These different enabling strategies will be set in a holistic and synergetic picture so as to improve process performance.

show abstract

“…This establishes what we call a thermal gradient that exists at any cross-section of the ocean in these regions, as shown in Figure 2. Avery, Richards, and Dugger (1985) have elaborated on how much energy can be practically extracted using the OTEC systems. They reported that the solar energy incidence on the tropical oceans in about 20 billion KJ/(Km2) (day).…”

Section: Otec: Background and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers at the prestigious Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (Avery et al 1985) worked on the concept of ocean thermal energy from the mid 1970s to the early 1980s. with the help of millions of dollars of federal funds.…”

Section: Otec: Background and State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%