Hydrogen Production Technologies Overview

Abstract

Hydrogen energy became the most significant energy as the current demand gradually starts to increase. Hydrogen energy is an important key solution to tackle the global temperature rise. The key important factor of hydrogen production is the hydrogen economy. Hydrogen production technologies are commercially available, while some of these technologies are still under development. This paper reviews the hydrogen production technologies from both fossil and non-fossil fuels such as (steam reforming, partial oxidation, auto thermal, pyrolysis, and plasma technology). Additionally, water electrolysis technology was reviewed. Water electrolysis can be combined with the renewable energy to get eco-friendly technology. Currently, the maximum hydrogen fuel productions were registered from the steam reforming, gasification, and partial oxidation technologies using fossil fuels. These technologies have different challenges such as the total energy consumption and carbon emissions to the environment are still too high. A novel non-fossil fuel method [ammonia NH 3 ] for hydrogen production using plasma technology was reviewed. Ammonia decomposition using plasma technology without and with a catalyst to produce pure hydrogen was considered as compared case studies. It was showed that the efficiency of ammonia decomposition using the catalyst was higher than ammonia decomposition without the catalyst. The maximum hydrogen energy efficiency obtained from the developed ammonia decomposition system was 28.3% with a hydrogen purity of 99.99%. The development of ammonia decomposition processes is continues for hydrogen production, and it will likely become commercial and be used as a pure hydrogen energy source.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Implementation for the Transportation Sector

“…Examples of non-fossil fuel technologies are water electrolysis, thermolysis, thermochemical water splitting, and photonic process. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Implementation for the Transportation Sector DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.5772/intechopen.95291 Fossil fuel technologies involve hydrocarbons reforming, these processes are carried out by methods such as steam reforming, auto-thermal, and partial oxidation [4]. FCEVs emphasized in this chapter are FCEVs that are using PEMFC as an electric generator.…”

Development of renewable energy multi-energy complementary hydrogen energy system (A Case Study in China): A review

“…Electrolyzed water hydrogen production technology has high efficiency and high purity of hydrogen generation. In addition, the overall reaction speed can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage in the tank to achieve the control of the hydrogen production rate (El-Shafie et al., 2019).…”

Comparative Analysis of Energy and Exergy Performance of Hydrogen Production Methods

“…Many compilations and comparisons have been conducted on different current hydrogen production technologies as shown in Table 1 . Among the articles reviewing the state of the art and the various technologies of more recent hydrogen production more recent [ 17 ], you can see how research in this field is currently focused on finding technologies as productive as the most mature (reforming and gasification), using methods that are as environmentally friendly as possible. In addition, a wide range of raw materials for the production of hydrogen is being researched.…”