Hydrogen transport and trapping in EUROFER’97

Four Steps to the Hydrogen Car

“…The permeability coefficient was determined to be P(400°C) = 1.7·10 -11 mol H 2 /m s Pa and the hydrogen solubility was S(400°C) = 2.6·10 -3 mol H 2 /m 3 Pa . The obtained parameters are in very good agreement with the published transport parameters for hydrogen and deuterium in Eurofer steel (Esteban et al (2007) and Levchuck et al (2004b)). When testing the TiAlN-coated sample at 1 bar of H 2 we observed that the permeation flux was both substantially lower and that the time to reach a maximum flow value was longer.…”

Surface modification and deuterium retention in reduced activation ferritic martensitic steels exposed to low-energy, high flux D plasma and D2gas

“…The concentration sol C D in the RAFM steels can be estimated for D 2 gas exposure [16,17] and is unknown for the D plasma exposure. One can assume that under D plasma exposure at 425 K the concentration sol C D is lower than that under D 2 gas exposure at 473 K.…”

Tritium Barriers and Tritium Diffusion in Fusion Reactors

“…The trapping characteristics of the RAFM steels have been estimated for several alloys [19,105,108,[110][111][112][113]. Although binding energies and densities of hydrogen traps vary substantially, the majority of reported values for RAFM steels are in the range 40 to 60 kJ mol -1 and 10 -3 to 10 -5 traps per metal atom, respectively.…”