Hydrogeochemical facies and pollution status of groundwater resources of Owerri and environs, Southeastern Nigeria

Akakuru, Obinna Chigoziem; Akudinobi, B. E. B.; Opara, Alexander Iheanyichukwu; Onyekuru, Samuel Okechukwu; Akakuru, Ozioma Udochukwu

doi:10.1007/s10661-021-09364-9

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Sulphate concentrations were generally low in the sampled groundwater and below the desirable limit of WHO of 250 mg/L except for SSW1 (275.5 and 265.2 mg/L) during the rainy and dry period. The concentration of the major anions measured in this study are less than values obtained by Ahada and Suthar [41] in Malwa region Punjab, India; Akakuru et al [42] in Southeastern Nigeria. Ionic composition revealed low mineralisation of the sampled sources, which is in line with the study of Ako et al [46] in the Banana Plain.…”

Section: Major Anion Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…This is an indication that the groundwater is fresh and is a reflection of the total amount of dissolved substance in the studied water [11,40]. On the contrary, EC values as high as 1646 µS/cm and 2326.83 µS/cm have been reported in the works of Ketchemen-Tandia et al [37], Ahada and Suthar [41] and Akakuru et al [42].…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The TDS gives an overall idea on dissolved salts in water [43]. TDS values up to 65.1 mg/L have been measured by Akakuru et al [42] in Southeastern Nigeria.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Santchou (Cameroon Western Highlands)

Mufur¹,

Awah²,

Tamfuh³

et al. 2022

AJEP

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Groundwater quality is a function of the enclosing aquifer materials and/or human influences. Therefore, frequent water quality surveillance is essential as the subsurface resource is a main source of water supply in Santchou, Cameroon Western Highlands. In order to carry out the inquiries, 24 groundwater samples were collected during the wet period (July 2020) as well as during the dry season (February 2021) from springs, a borehole and hand-dug wells. The water samples were tested in the field for pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity, while two separate water samples were obtained from each sampling point for chemical and bacteriological parameters in the laboratory. The main results revealed that the studied groundwater samples are weakly mineralised, with a slightly acidic pH. The major ionic constituents of the sampled sources were within acceptable limits prescribed by the World Health Organisation except for Mg 2+ and Clthat were noted in excess of the recommended values at some sites. Piper plot indicated that the water is essentially of Na-K-Cl-SO 4 type while the Gibbs diagram showed that hydrochemistry was predominantly due to rock-weathering. SAR (sodium absorption ratio) values, Na % (sodium percentage) and TH (total hardness) revealed that the water is suitable for irrigational practices. Microbiological pollutants such as Enterobacteria, E. coli, Streptococcus spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Vibrio spp and Staphylococcus spp were noticed in the water samples, and hence consumers' health may be compromised if basic treatment methods like boiling and filtration are not performed before the water is used for drinking.

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Section: Major Anion Concentrationscontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Santchou (Cameroon Western Highlands)

Mufur¹,

Awah²,

Tamfuh³

et al. 2022

AJEP

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“…The availability of good water quality is a fundamental need that is still far from being met for a large part of the world's population (Tabué Youmbi et al 2013;Akakuru et al 2021). 2.1 billion people, representing 30% of the world's population still lack access to safe domestic water supply services, and 4.4 billion, or 60%, lack safely managed sanitation services (OMS/UNICEF 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tanawa et al 2002;Djuikom et al 2009) The environmental characteristics (within 10m) of the alternative water points sampled show that the water points used by the people in the Lefock Watershed are frequently close to many potential sources of contamination. This is a recurrent situation in small towns in sub-Saharan Africa, where the urban environment develops in an anarchic manner with spontaneous settlements and constitutes a signi cant contamination risk for the resources exploited by the population(Frédéric et al 2015;Akakuru et al 2021). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors controlling contamination and vulnerability of water alternative supply points in Lefock semi-urban watershed, West Cameroon

Tontsa

Temgoua

BERTRAND³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Due to the poorly managed water network of the Dschang municipality (West Cameroun), the peri-urban population of the Lefock watershed, frequently, consumes doubtful quality water from alternative supply points (WASPs): spring, well, river, borehole. In this context, the present study aimed to explore the influence of close environment on the possible contamination of these resources. For this purpose, 22 WASPs were characterized (within a 10 m radius of the point) both from physiographic (nature of bedrock, water supply utility, soil type, land use) and anthropogenic (presence of pit latrines, domestic wastewater, domestic breeding, agricultural activities, wild garbage dump, washing clothes on-site). Then, chemical (NO3−, NH4+, PO43−) and bacteriological (faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci, total coliforms, and E. coli) contamination parameters were analyzed and compared with the World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) was done, using water quality variables as input combined with environmental data as supplementary data. It revealed that waters from WASPs were generally of very poor bacterial quality, due to proximity with pit latrines, domestic wastewaters, and/or agricultural plots. NO3− is exceptionally high where WASPs are close to agricultural plots and/or domestic wastewaters. The MFA showed that the chemical degradation of WASP mostly results from wider scale processes and is representative of diffuse (and likely long-term) impacts on the resource. In contrast, bacteriological contaminations were better governed by immediate contexts and appears to result from the combination of anthropogenic and physiographic constraints. Regarding vulnerability, the type of soil and the nature of the WASPs are the main influencing factors. The hydromorphic context accentuates the vulnerability, while the order of increasing vulnerability related to the type of WASPs is: spring - well and borehole - river. These results indicate that poor water management, combined with a limited consideration of local environmental specificities threatens the security and sustainability of this resource in semi-urbanized zones over heterogeneous aquifers, and argue for a twofold education effort for managers and end-users of the resource.

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Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment and predicting of pollution indexing of groundwater around Osisioma, Nigeria, using artificial neural networks and multi-linear modeling principles

Akakuru

Njoku²,

Obinna-Akakuru³

et al. 2023

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment and predicting of organic and heavy metal pollution of groundwater around Osisioma, Nigeria, using Artificial Neural Networks and Multi-Linear Modeling Principles has been done. 30 groundwater samples were collected systematically and analyzed for organic and heavy metal pollutants. The results of the analysis showed that the heavy metals and organic pollutants within the study area contributed to the pollution of groundwater resources in the locality. However, copper, ethylbenzene, xylene and toluene were within the recommended standard, whereas arsenic, iron, chromium, lead, and benzene were above the recommended standard for drinking water. Correlation matrix and principal component analysis assessment indicated weak correlation and that organic pollutants were major contributors to the loadings. The Contamination factor, Pollution load index, Metal pollution index, Geoaccumulation index, Potential ecological risk index, Elemental Contamination Index, and overall Metal Contamination Index showed no significant pollution, whereas the Heavy Metal Evaluation Index, Pollution Index of Groundwater results showed worrisome impact of the anthropogenic activities on the groundwater quality. Health risk assessment showed that children are more at risk than adults as it related to taking polluted water. MLR models performed better than the ANN. Seven (7) mathematical models were generated for the prediction of pollution indices. Based on the results, this study recommends regular monitoring of groundwater resources and the integration of ANN and MLR modeling approaches for the prediction of pollution indices.

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Hydrogeochemical facies and pollution status of groundwater resources of Owerri and environs, Southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 41 publications

References 56 publications

Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Santchou (Cameroon Western Highlands)

Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Groundwater for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes in Santchou (Cameroon Western Highlands)

Environmental factors controlling contamination and vulnerability of water alternative supply points in Lefock semi-urban watershed, West Cameroon

Non-carcinogenic health risk assessment and predicting of pollution indexing of groundwater around Osisioma, Nigeria, using artificial neural networks and multi-linear modeling principles

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