Hydrogeochemical modeling based approach for evaluation of groundwater suitability for irrigational use in Korba district, Chhattisgarh, Central India

Abstract

Systematic assessment of groundwater suitability for irrigation purpose was evaluated in Korba district, Chhattisgarh, Central India. As a part of the assessment, groundwater physico-chemical data of 56 locations were considered. Ascertaining the groundwater suitability and its characteristics, various quality indices and hydrogeochemical studies were performed. Quality results showed that groundwater of the study area was mostly alkaline in nature, where a total of 17% groundwater samples were found hard to very hard, 9% were slight to moderate hazard, and 4% were high saline type. Chemical indices, namely Sodium percentage (Na%), Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR) and Magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) were evaluated. According to the computed indices, majority of the samples were found to be suitable for irrigation. Based on USSL plot, around 54% of samples fell in C 1-S 1 and C 2-S 1 fields, indicating low to medium salinity with a low alkali hazard. Hence, groundwater fell under C 1-S 1 and C 2-S 1 fields can be used to irrigate all kind of soils with marginal increase of risk level for exchangeable Na + content. Results of hydrogeochemical model suggested that groundwater of the study area were mainly influenced by rock-water interaction phenomena. Groundwater hydrogeochemical facies was characterized through Piper plot and Chadha's diagram, which showed Ca-Mg-HCO 3 type groundwater as the dominating facies within the study region.

Assessment and Prediction of the Water Quality Index for the Groundwater of the Ghiss-Nekkor (Al Hoceima, Northeastern Morocco)

“…Consequently, monitoring water characteristics to maintain water quality is critical [6]. In addition, pollution is caused by human activities, leading to a decrease in the quality of groundwater and its use as well as the water quality and water quantity of groundwater in recent decades [7][8][9][10][11]. For the efficient management and planning of groundwater resources, groundwater vulnerability assessment is critical [12].…”

GIS-based assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in central Iraq

“…When the Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) value is less than 1.25meq/l, it indicates safe water quality, but above 2.5meq/l, it indicates the water is generally inappropriate for irrigation uses. When the RSC is in the range 1.25-2.5 meq/l, it indicates that the water is slightly appropriate for irrigation (Singha and Pasupuleti, 2020). The results shown in Figure 14 reveal that the RSC values for all samples are less than 1.25meq/l, indicating that the whole study area is within the safe limit for irrigation.…”

“…The groundwater sampled during the pre-monsoon season of 2015 from forty-nine selected wells distributed across 177 the province was evaluated. The data domain selection was in line with the approach adopted by previous 178 researchers such as Singha and Pasupuleti (2020) and Alam et al (2020) Water quality index (WQI)…”

Utilizing geographic information system and indexing to evaluate irrigation suitability of groundwater in Kalihati Upazila, Bangladesh

“…Total hardness (TH): Groundwater's suitability for various applications, encompassing domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors, hinges significantly on its hardness (Singha et al, 2020). The TH of the analyzed groundwater samples covered a quantitative range from 33.95 to 189.66 ppm, with an average of 67.33 ppm, as presented in Table 2.…”