Hydrometeorological Forcing of Western Russian Arctic Coastal Dynamics: Xx-Century History and Current State

Shabanova, Natalia; Ogorodov, Stanislav; Shabanov, Pavel; Baranskaya, Alisa

doi:10.24057/2071-9388-2018-11-1-113-129

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…It has been previously supposed [23] that the depth of ice gouging is mainly controlled by accumulated freezing degree-days (AFDD). At Baydaratskaya Bay, the average air-freezing index calculated in the same way ranged from 3000 to 3500 [57], being the greatest. At the Caspian Sea this value was from 300 to 1300 AFDD [58], being greater than in the region of Lake Erie (285 to 582 AFDD, [23]).…”

Section: Ice-gouging Intensity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ice-Gouging Topography of the Exposed Aral Sea Bed

et al. 2019

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Ice gouging, or scouring, i.e., ice impact on the seabed, is a well-studied phenomenon in high-latitude seas. In the mid-latitudes, it remains one of the major geomorphic processes in freezing seas and large lakes. Research efforts concerning its patterns, drivers and intensity are scarce, and include aerial and geophysical studies of ice scours in the Northern Caspian Sea. This study aims to explain the origin of the recently discovered linear landforms on the exposed former Aral Sea bottom using remotely sensed data. We suggest that they are relict ice gouges, analogous to the modern ice scours of the Northern Caspian, Kara and other seas and lakes, previously studied by side scan sonar (SSS) surveys. Their average dimensions, from 3 to 90 m in width and from hundreds to thousands of meters in length, and spatial distribution were derived from satellite imagery interpretation and structure from motion-processing of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) images. Ice scouring features are virtually omnipresent at certain seabed sections, evidencing high ice gouging intensity in mid-latitude climates. Their greatest density is observed in the central part of the former East Aral Sea. The majority of contemporary ice gouges appeared during the rapid Aral Sea level fall between 1980 and the mid-1990s. Since then, the lake has almost completely drained, providing a unique opportunity for direct studies of exposed ice gouges using both in situ and remote-sensing techniques. These data could add to our current understanding of the scales and drivers of ice impact on the bottom of shallow seas and lakes.

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Section: Ice-gouging Intensity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ice-Gouging Topography of the Exposed Aral Sea Bed

et al. 2019

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“…Mean annual air temperatures in the second half of the 20th century varied from −8 to −10°C (RIHMI-WDC, 2020). Mean annual accumulated positive air temperatures (thawing degree days) crucial for permafrost thawing and, hence, coastal dynamics, rose from 485 to 700°C-days in 1977-2013 at Kharasavey station, 70 km north of the Gulf (Belova et al, 2017), and from about 600 to 780°C-days in 1979-2013 at Marre-Sale, 90 km south of the Gulf (Shabanova et al, 2018). These values are smaller compared to the Barents Sea coasts, where they increased from ∼800°C-days to ∼1,000°C-days since the 1950s at Kolguev Island, and higher compared to stations at high latitudes both in the Kara and Laptev seas such as Dikson, (from ∼300 to ∼500°C-days since the 1970s), Terpiay-Tumsa or Shalaurova, (from ∼200 to ∼300°C-days since the 1960s) (Ogorodov et al, 2020).…”

Section: Study Area and Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the Gulf of Kruzenstern, the nearest cell of ERA Interim grid with a grid resolution of 0.75°was used. Calculation of the air thawing index (It) at Marre-Sale and Kharasavey was done according to the procedure described in Shabanova et al (2018) and Belova et al (2017). To reconstruct thermal conditions in the Gulf of Kruzenstern, I t from Marre-Sale and Kharasavey were weighted depending on their distance to the Gulf of Kruzenstern.…”

Section: Hydrometeorological Forcingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temporal evolution of coastal erosion rates in permafrost areas mainly depends on changing hydrometeorologic factors, such as air temperature, windwave energy, ice-free period, etc. (Vasiliev et al, 2005;Vasiliev et al, 2006;Shabanova et al, 2018). As the frozen cliffs thaw in contact with warmer air and water, shoreline retreat rates are sensitive to air temperature changes (Jones et al, 2009), increasing along with the modern warming in the Arctic (Overland et al, 2019), which exceeds the average world trends (IPCC, 2014;Savo et al, 2016) and trends for the Northern Hemisphere (Serreze et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, an increase in the sea ice-free period duration will only result in active coastal erosion if there are considerable storms coinciding with it. Such complex patterns make correlations of hydrometeorological parameters with temporal evolution of coastal erosion a challenging task (Jones et al, 2018;Shabanova et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Thermal Denudation in Erosion of Ice-Rich Permafrost Coasts in an Enclosed Bay (Gulf of Kruzenstern, Western Yamal, Russia)

et al. 2021

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Coastal erosion in the Arctic has numerous internal and external environmental drivers. Internal drivers include sediment composition, permafrost properties and exposure which contribute to its spatial variability, while changing hydrometeorological conditions act as external drivers and determine the temporal evolution of shoreline retreat. To reveal the relative role of these factors, we investigated patterns of coastal dynamics in an enclosed bay in the southwestern Kara Sea, Russia, namely the Gulf of Kruzenstern, which is protected from open-sea waves by the Sharapovy Koshki Islands. Using multitemporal satellite imagery, we calculated decadal-scale retreat rates for erosional segments of the coastal plain from 1964 to 2019. In the field, we studied and described Quaternary sediments and massive ground-ice beds outcropping in the coastal bluffs. Using data from regional hydrometeorological stations and climate reanalysis (ERA), we estimated changes in the air thawing index, sea ice-free period duration, wind-wave energy and total hydrometeorological stress for the Gulf of Kruzenstern, and compared it to Kharasavey and Marre-Sale open-sea segments north and south of the gulf to understand how the hydrometeorological forcing changes in an enclosed bay. The calculated average shoreline retreat rates along the Gulf in 1964–2010 were 0.5 ± 0.2 m yr−1; the highest erosion of up to 1.7 ± 0.2 m yr−1 was typical for segments containing outcrops of massive ground-ice beds and facing to the northwest. These retreat rates, driven by intensive thermal denudation, are comparable to long-term rates measured along open-sea sites known from literature. As a result of recent air temperature and sea ice-free period increases, average erosion rates rose to 0.9 ± 0.7 m yr−1 in 2010–2019, with extremes of up to 2.4 ± 0.7 m yr−1. The increased mean decadal-scale erosion rates were also associated with higher spatial variability in erosion patterns. Analysis of the air thawing index, wave energy potential and their total effect showed that inside the Gulf of Kruzenstern, 85% of coastal erosion is attributable to thermal denudation associated with the air thawing index, if we suppose that at open-sea locations, the input of wave energy and air thawing index is equal. Our findings highlight the importance of permafrost degradation and thermal denudation on increases in ice-rich permafrost bluff erosion in the Arctic.

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