Hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-UPLC–TQ-MS/MS) in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) for the determination of nucleobases and nucleosides in ginkgo seeds

A Platform for Discovery and Quantification of Modified Ribonucleosides in RNA

“…HILIC is also useful when in-line pre-columns when high organic mobile phase are used, as has been applied to quantification of urinary nucleosides (Tuytten et al, 2008). Ribonucleoside separation for LC-MS analysis does not require baseline separation of modified nucleosides, thus shorter runtimes are feasible with UPLC systems and sub-2 μm particle size columns (Farand & Gosselin, 2009; Zhou et al, 2014). Regardless of separation method, the MS instrument sensitivity and co-elution of modified nucleosides should be evaluated for specific applications as this will be a limiting factor.…”

Separation of nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides using two zwitterionic silica-based monolithic capillary columns coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

“…Unfortunately, due to the limited solubility of highly polar analytes in organic-rich mobile phases suitable for HILIC separations (90% v/v ACN), we could only have a limited number of compounds in the sample when UV-detection was used. Moreover, real biological samples contain a large number of compounds at nano-and micromolar concentrations [10,11,14,15] and LC with UV-detection does not have sufficient selectivity and sensitivity for such applications. This drawback is eliminated in LC-ESI-MS, which provides several orders of magnitude lower detection limits for the compounds of interest than UV-detection.…”

“…Most of these compounds are not retained using standard RP-LC. HILIC separation provides a solution to these obstacles, where commercially available amino and amide columns of analytical range are preferred, as apparent from published papers focusing on conjunction of HILIC with ESI-MS [10][11][12][13][14][15] zwitterionic stationary phases covalently attached to porous silica (ZIC)-HILIC columns for real sample analysis has increased recently [16][17][18].…”

Simultaneous analysis of nucleobases, nucleosides and ginsenosides in ginseng extracts using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

“…However, the therapeutic effects of ginseng are not only attributed to ginsenosides. Recent studies showed that nucleobases and nucleosides in ginseng also play an important role in the modulation of the immune response [5,12]. Nucleobases and nucleosides have also been used as markers for quality control of many TCMs, for instance Geosaurus [13] and Cervi Cornu [14].…”