Hydroxyapatite particle (HAp) reinforced biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca metallic glass composite for bio-implant applications

Ramya, M.; Pillai, Mamatha M.; Selvakumar, R.; Raj, Baldev; Ravi, K.R.

doi:10.1088/2057-1976/aa85be

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The hot extrusion is carried out at 200 • C, and the temperature is considerably lower than the eutectic transformation temperature [34][35][36][37][38]. The result shows good density, thermal and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Spark Plasma Sintering Of Mg Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Spark Plasma Sintering of Magnesium Composites: A Review

et al. 2022

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This review paper gives an insight into the microstructural, mechanical, biological, and corrosion resistance of spark plasma sintered magnesium (Mg) composites. Mg has a mechanical property similar to natural human bones as well as biodegradable and biocompatible properties. Furthermore, Mg is considered a potential material for structural and biomedical applications. However, its high affinity toward oxygen leads to oxidation of the material. Various researchers optimize the material composition, processing techniques, and surface modifications to overcome this issue. In this review, effort has been made to explore the role of process techniques, especially applying a typical powder metallurgy process and the sintering technique called spark plasma sintering (SPS) in the processing of Mg composites. The effect of reinforcement material on Mg composites is illustrated well. The reinforcement’s homogeneity, size, and shape affect the mechanical properties of Mg composites. The evidence shows that Mg composites exhibit better corrosion resistance, as the reinforcement act as a cathode in a Mg matrix. However, in most cases, a localized corrosion phenomenon is observed. The Mg composite’s high corrosion rate has adversely affected cell viability and promotes cytotoxicity. The reinforcement of bioactive material to the Mg matrix is a potential method to enhance the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the materials. However, the impact of SPS process parameters on the final quality of the Mg composite needs to be explored.

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Section: Spark Plasma Sintering Of Mg Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Spark Plasma Sintering of Magnesium Composites: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Mg-based implants have antibacterial properties resulting from the increase in pH, which is a clinically valuable effect in helping to control infections, due to the alkaline environment produced by degradation. Plasma proteins should be considered as a vital part of the physiological regulation of pH [62,85,94,95]. Kazemzadeh et al reported that infections occur in 10%-12% of all surgeries where bioabsorbable implants are used; however, some surgeons give them preference because they avoid second removal surgery [88,96].…”

Section: Influence Of the Alloying Elements On The Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hitherto it has been thought that the replacement of these materials by natural and essential cations found in the body, such as Mg, Ca, Zn, will be the future of the MD industry, since these elements are essential for metabolism and cell regeneration. Mg improves bone metabolism by interacting with the integrins of osteoblasts that work for cell adhesion and stability [53,62]. Feyerabend et al showed that cell adhesion to pure magnesium is generally lower than to Mg-10Gd-1Nd.…”

Section: Introduction 1introducing the Mg-zn-ca Alloymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-inspired biomaterial Mg–Zn–Ca: a review of the main mechanical and biological properties of Mg-based alloys

Becerra¹,

Rodríguez²,

Esquivel-Solís³

et al. 2020

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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The toxicity of alloying elements in magnesium alloys used for biomedical purposes is an interesting and innovative subject, due to the great technological advances that would result from their application in medical devices (MDs) in traumatology. Recently promising results have been published regarding the rates of degradation and mechanical integrity that can support Mg alloys; this has led to an interest in understanding the toxicological features of these emerging biomaterials. The growing interest of different segments of the MD market has increased the determination of different research groups to clarify the behavior of alloying elements in vivo. This review covers the influence of the alloying elements on the body, the toxicity of the elements in Mg-Zn-Ca, as well as the mechanical properties, degradation, processes of obtaining the alloy, medical approaches and future perspectives on the use of the Mg in the manufacture of MDs for various medical applications.

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“…By furthering the understanding of the biological response of Mg, the biological value of Mg and better predict outcomes in clinical practice utilizing Mg-based alloys, proprioception about the use of degradable metallic materials is generated. [10,25,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sterilization on 3-point dynamic response to in vitro bending of an Mg implant.

Becerra

Rodríguez

Arroyo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The aim of the study is to characterize a biomedical magnesium alloy and highlighting the loss of mechanical integrity due to the sterilization method. Ideally, when using these alloys is to delay the onset of degradation so that the implant can support body loads and avoid toxicological effects due to the release of metal ions into the body. Methods: Standardized procedures according to ASTM F-1264 and ISO-10993-5 were used, respecting detailed methodological controls to ensure accuracy and reproducibility of the results, this testing methodology is carried out in accordance with the monographs of the Pharmacopoeia for the approval of medical devices and obtaining a health registration. An intramedullary implant (IIM) manufactured in magnesium (Mg) WE43 can support loads of the body in the initial period of bone consolidation without compromising the integrity of the fractured area. A system with these characteristics would improve morbidity and health costs by avoiding secondary surgical interventions. Results: As a property, the fatigue resistance of Mg in aggressive environments such as the body environment undergoes progressive degradation, however, the autoclave sterilization method drastically affects fatigue resistance, as demonstrated in tests carried out under in vitro conditions. Coupled with this phenomenon, the relatively poor biocompatibility of Mg WE43 alloys has limited applications where they can be used due to low acceptance rates from agencies such as the FDA. However, Mg alloy with elements such as yttrium and rare earth elements (REEs) have been shown to delay biodegradation depending on the method of sterilization and the physiological solution used. With different sterilization techniques, it may be possible to keep toxicological effects to a minimum while still ensuring a balance between the integrity of fractured bone and implant degradation time. Therefore, the evaluation of fatigue resistance of WE43 specimens sterilized and tested in immersion conditions (enriched Hank's solution) and according to ASTM F-1264, along with the morphological, crystallinity, and biocompatibility characterization of the WE43 alloy allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical and biological properties of WE43. Conclusions: These results will support decision-making to generate a change in the current perspective of biomaterials utilized in medical devices (MDs), to be considered by manufacturers and health regulatory agencies. An implant manufactured in WE43 alloy can be used as an intramedullary implant, considering keeping elements such as yttrium-REEs below as specified in its designation and with the help of a coating that allows increasing the life of the implant in vivo.Trial registration: N/A

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Hydroxyapatite particle (HAp) reinforced biodegradable Mg-Zn-Ca metallic glass composite for bio-implant applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Insights on Spark Plasma Sintering of Magnesium Composites: A Review

Insights on Spark Plasma Sintering of Magnesium Composites: A Review

Bio-inspired biomaterial Mg–Zn–Ca: a review of the main mechanical and biological properties of Mg-based alloys

Effect of sterilization on 3-point dynamic response to in vitro bending of an Mg implant.

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